Human Phys 6.10

Question 1

What do low intensity exercise or short duration high intensity exercise not do in healthy individuals?

Answer 1

Elicit diaphragm fatigue

Question 2

When does diaphragm fatigue occur?

Answer 2

At sustained lower intensity exercise when work of breathing is increased (hypoxic environments or COPD)

Question 3

What does hypoxemia exacerbate?

Answer 3

Rate of peripheral muscle fatigue

Question 4

What does reducing work of breathing by 50-70% during high intensity exercise show?

Answer 4

Prevent diaphragm fatigue

Reducing peripheral muscle fatigue by 25-30%

Prolonging exercise duration by 10-20%

Question 5

What parts of the airways participate in gas exchange?

Answer 5

Alveolar sacs and ducts

Question 6

Where are cilia not found?

Answer 6

Alveolar sacs

Question 7

What type of cells secrete mucus?

Answer 7

Goblet cells

Question 8

What do type 2 pneumocytes secrete?

Answer 8

Surfactant

Question 9

How do alveolar ducts and sacs maintain their hygiene if they don’t have cilia?

Answer 9

Macrophages alveolar

Question 10

What is our resting membrane volume called?

Answer 10

Tidal volume

Question 11

What is the dead space in the lungs?

Answer 11

Anatomical and physiological spaces

Question 12

Which dead space is at the alveolar sac where there is no perfusion?

Answer 12

Physiologic

Question 13

How is restrictive lung disease shown on the FEV1/FVC chart?

Answer 13

Decreased total volume

Question 14

How is the obstructive lung disease shown on the FEV1/FVC chart?

Answer 14

Severe decrease in FEV1

Question 15

Which type of gas does not exert partial pressure?

Answer 15

Bound gas

Question 16

Is the transport of O2 diffusion or perfusion limited?

Answer 16

Perfusion

Question 17

What section of the capillary is the blood fully saturated?

Answer 17

1/3

Question 18

What % of diffused O2 dissolved?

Answer 18

2%

Question 19

Why is SPO2 below 90% a concern?

Answer 19

PO2 is below 60 mmHg

Question 20

What does not cause a right shift of hemoglobin dissociation curve?

Answer 20

Increase in pH

Question 21

What transports CO2 in blood when it is bound?

Answer 21

Hemoglobin

Question 22

What’s the difference between blood flow and CO?

Answer 22

No difference

Question 23

Pulmonary blood for autoregulation handles vasodilation and vasoconstriction. Which is the correct answer?

Answer 23

Decrease O2= vasoconstriction

Increase O2= vasodilation

Question 24

If you are standing which region has the highest pulmonary blood flow?

Answer 24

Lower lobe

Question 25

How does pulmonary circulation handle the increased demands of exercise?

Answer 25

Recruit more capillaries

Question 26

When blood cycles to the left atrium it is not at 100% SPO2 saturation, why?

Answer 26

Physiological shunts