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Human Physiology > Human Phys 1.2 > Flashcards

Human Phys 1.2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the percentage of total body water?

A

50-70% of body weight

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2
Q

What is total body water inversely proportional to?

A

Body fat

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3
Q

How much total body water is in intracellular fluid?

A

2/3 (40%)

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4
Q

How much total body water is in extracellular fluid?

A

1/3 (20%)

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5
Q

What are the two components that make up extracellular fluid?

A

Interstitial fluid and plasma

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6
Q

What is interstitial fluid to plasma?

A

An ultra filtrate

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7
Q

Where is interstitial fluid located?

A

Outside of blood vessels between cells

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8
Q

Where is plasma located?

A

Inside blood vessels

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9
Q

Why will the concentration be equal between interstitial fluid and plasma?

A

Because Na+ K+ can move freely between the two

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10
Q

What cannot leave plasma?

A

Some plasma proteins

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11
Q

If you remove cells and platelets from blood what do you have?

A

Plasma

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12
Q

If you remove clotting proteins from plasma what do you have?

A

Serum

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13
Q

Permeability

A

How easily something can pass through a cell membrane

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14
Q

What is the permeability of ions?

A

Low (can only pass with a channel)

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15
Q

What is the permeability of large uncharged polar molecules?

A

Low (very hard to cross cell membrane)

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16
Q

What is the permeability of small uncharged polar molecules?

A

Higher (but generally still don’t cross cell membrane often)

17
Q

What is the permeability of hydrophobic molecules?

A

Highest (easily cross cell membrane)

18
Q

Downhill transport

A

Substances move down a concentration gradient from an area of high concentration to low concentration

19
Q

What does downhill transport occur by?

A

Passive transport

20
Q

What are the types of passive transport?

A

Simple diffusion

Facilitated diffusion

21
Q

Does downhill transport require energy?

A

No

22
Q

Uphill transport

A

Substance move against a concentration gradient from an area of low concentration to high

23
Q

What does uphill transport occur by?

A

Active transport

24
Q

What are the types of active transport?

A

Primary active transport

Secondary active transport

25
Q

Does uphill transport require energy?

A

Yes

26
Q

What are the two main classes of membrane transport proteins?

A

Channels

Transporters

27
Q

Channels

A

Always passive, but much faster

28
Q

Transporters

A

Can be passive or active

29
Q

What does a channel protein behave like?

A

Doorway (same properties as simple diffusion)

30
Q

What types need a protein carrier?

A

Facilitated diffusion

Primary active transport

Secondary active transport

31
Q

What types do not need a protein carrier?

A

Simple diffusion

Human Physiology (41 decks)

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