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WSET 3 > Human/Climate Factors for each Major Region > Flashcards

Human/Climate Factors for each Major Region Flashcards

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1
Q

What are two natural factors that affect the maritime climate in Bordeaux?

A

Warming effect of the Gulf Stream and Atlantic brings high levels of rainfall and humidity

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2
Q

What is difference between climate of Dordogne and Bordeaux?

A

Very similar; but Dordogne does not have the moderating maritime influence of Gulf Stream

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3
Q

What are three natural hazards of Burgundy?

A

Rain during flowering and harvest, spring frosts, prevailing westerly winds

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4
Q

What is the climate for most of Chile?

A

Mostly warm with mediteranean climate

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5
Q

What mountain range marks the border between Argentina and Chile?

A

The Andes

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6
Q

Chile receives cooling influences from what two factors?

A

The Pacific Ocean and the Andes Mountains

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7
Q

What are the specific cooling factors for Chile that comes off the Pacific?

A

The Humboldt Current brings cool winds inland and it also brings fog into the coastal areas

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8
Q

What is the specific cooling factor for the foothill vineyards of Chile of the Andes?

A

Cold air descends from the mountains overnight and increases the diurnal range

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9
Q

Because of its warm and relatively dry climate what does Chili not have much of?

A

Fungal disease

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10
Q

Due to the low fungal disease, what is possible in Chile in terms of grapegrowing?

A

Sustainable and organic agriculture

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11
Q

What is the main climate of Australia and why?

A

It is warm and hot and it is due to the latitude

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12
Q

What kind of hazards affect Australia?

A

Drought, bush fires and smoke taint

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13
Q

What tempers the climate in the coastal regions of Australia?

A

Either Southern or Indian Ocean OR the Murray River System

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14
Q

What it the climate of Margaret River and what is it known for?

A

Warm, maritime climate. Known for Chardonnay, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot

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15
Q

When does Margaret River have high rainfall?

A

In the winter

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16
Q

What is the climate in Barossa Valley and what is it know for?

A

Warm, dry climate. Known for Shiraz

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17
Q

What is the climate of Claire Valley and what is it known for?

A

Warm climate, known for Rieslings and Shiraz

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18
Q

Why is Riesling able to be grown in the warm Claire Valley climate?

A

Cool afternoon breezes, and cool nights

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19
Q

What is the Hunter Valley climate and what is it known for?

A

Hot, humid climate. Known for Semillon, Chardonnay and Shiraz

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20
Q

What is the climate in Beaujolais?

A

Moderate continental

21
Q

Why is Gamay well-suited to the Beaujolais climate?

A

It is early budding and ripening

22
Q

What is the climate of Alsace?

A

Cool to moderate continental

23
Q

In Alsace, what mountain range shelters the vineyards from the prevailing and rain-bearing westerly winds?

A

Vosges Mountains

24
Q

What are two climatic influences in Alsace?

A

Effect of Vosges Mountains and lack of clouds

25
Q

In the worst years, what can be a hazard in Alsace?

A

Drought

26
Q

What is France’s longest river?

A

The Loire river

27
Q

What is the climate of Loire Valley?

A

Four different sub-regions have four different climates

28
Q

What is the overall climate of the Loire Valley subregions?

A

Cool

29
Q

What is vintage variation a problem for Loire Valley?

A

The vineyards lie at the Northernmost point to grow grapes

30
Q

What can be a hazard in Loire Valley?

A

Fungal issues due to high rainfall

31
Q

In Northern Rhone, what is the climate?

A

Moderate and Continental

32
Q

What is the climatic influence in N. Rhone and S. Rhone that can damage vineyards?

A

The cold north winds known as “Mistral”

33
Q

In N. Rhone, how do they protect vineyards from the cold North winds?

A

They plant vineyards in the lateral valleys that feed into the Rhone River.

34
Q

What is the climate of S. Rhone?

A

Mediterranean

35
Q

How do grapegrowers protect vineyards from the “Mistral” in S.Rhone?

A

Less slopes so they have to plant windbreakers and they bush train to the ground the Grenache and trellis the Syrah

36
Q

What is the climate of South France?

A

Warm Mediterranean

37
Q

What is the biggest hazard in South France?

A

Drought

38
Q

What is an advantage to the Mistral winds?

A

The winds have a drying effect reducing humidity therefore inhibiting fungal growth

39
Q

What effect can proximity to a river in a cooler climate have?

A

Reflects heat in the summer and retains heat in autumn extending the growing season

40
Q

What affect on moisture can the large “galet” stones have in S.RHone?

A

Stones can lock in moisture, slowing the evaporation of moisture which is helpful in dry climates

41
Q

Which climates produce more vintage variation? Cool/moderate climates or warm climates?

A

Cool/moderate climates

42
Q

What are the three climatic zones in Spain and what are their climates?

A

North/Northwest is moderate maritime, East coast is warm mediterranean and Meseta Central is hot continental climate

43
Q

What is the biggest climatic hazard in North/NW Spain?

A

Atlantic weather systems brings high rainfall

44
Q

What is a climatic influence on most of the East Coast vineyards of Spain?

A

Many are moderated by the sea or the altitude

45
Q

Why is the Meseta Central is Spain so hot?

A

It is cut off by the influence of the sea by the encircling mountains

46
Q

What is a climatic influence on Meseta Central?

A

Hot summer temperatures can be moderated by the cool nights of high altitude sites

47
Q

With exception of NW Spain, what is biggest challenge to grape growing in Spain?

A

Lack of water

48
Q

What is a positive aspect of lack of water and what is a negative aspect?

A

Positive is low fungal disease a negative is heavy stress on the vine

49
Q

How to grapegrowers in Spain manage the lack of water?

A

Low density planting, bush training vine by maximizing water available and shading grapes from the heat

WSET 3 (16 decks)

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