HUMAN BEHAVIOR ORGANIZATION Flashcards
The desire to achieve a goal or a certain performance level leading to goal directed behavior.
*MOTIVATION
Types of Motivation
1.INTRINSIC MOTIVATION
2.EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION
A drive that comes purely from within.
Act of doing something does not have any obvious external rewards.
*INTRINSIC MOTIVATION
It refers to the behavior of individuals to person task and learn new skills because of external rewards or avoidance of punishments.
Also arises from outside of the individual and open involved internal rewards such as trophies money social recognition or praise.
*EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION
Third Type of Motivation
FAMILY MOTIVATION
Going to work when you are not motivated to do so internally but because it is means to support your family financially
*FAMILY MOTIVATION
Importance of motivation to employee
*GUIDING FORCE
*INCREASE EFFICIENCY
*DRIVE
*ENCOURAGE
*HELP AVOID
*IMPROVE
Components of motivation
*ACTIVATION
*PERSISTENCE
*INTENSITY
Is the decision to initiate behavior
*ACTIVATION
Is the continued effort toward a goal even though obstacle may exist.
*PERSISTENCE
Is the concentration and vigor that goes into pursuing a goal.
*INTENSITY
Theories of Motivation
*CONTENT THEORIES OF MOTIVATION
*PROCESS THEORIES OF MOTIVATION
Content Theories of Motivation
*MASLOW HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
*ALDERFER’S ERG THEORY
*MC CLELLAND’S HUMAN MOTIVATION THEORY
*HERZBERG’S MOTIVATION-HYGIENE THEORY
Puts forward that people are motivated by five basic categories of needs.
*MASLOW HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
5 basic Categories of needs according to Maslow
1.PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS
2.SAFETY NEEDS
3.BELONGINGNESS & LOVE NEEDS
4.ESTEEM NEEDS
5.SELF-ACTUALISATION
ALDERFER’S ERG THEORY
*EXISTENCE
*RELATEDNESS
*GROWTH
This theory suggest that there are three groups of core needs
*ALDERFER’S ERG THEORY
It states that every person has one of three main driving motivators.
*MC CLELLAND’S HUMAN MOTIVATION THEORY
3 MC CLELLAND’S HUMAN MOTIVATION THEORY
*ACHIEVEMENT
*AFFILIATION
*POWER
HERZBERG’S MOTIVATION-HYGIENE THEORY
*MOTIVATORS
*HYGIENE FACTORS
Outlines that humans are motivated by two things this theory according to:
*HERZBERG’S MOTIVATION-HYGIENE THEORY
MOTIVATORS
1.ACHIEVEMENT
2.RECOGNITION
3.THE WORK ITSELF
4.RESPONSIBILITY
5.ADVANCEMENT
6.GROWTH
HYGIENE FACTORS
1.COMPANY POLICIES
2.SUPERVISION
3.RELSTIONSHIP
4.WORK CONDITIONS
5.REMUNERETION
6.SALARY
7.SECURITY
Process Theories of Motivation
*REINFORCEMENT THEORY
*ADAM’S EQUITY THEORY OF MOTIVATION
*VROOM’S EXPECTANCY THEORY
*LOCKE’S GOAL SETTING THEORY
Behaviors are shaped by their consequences and that can be changed through reinforcement punishment and extinction
*REINFORCEMENT THEORY
They want the benefits (rewards)they receive from work to seem fair in relation to inputs (contribution) that they provide.
*ADAM’S EQUITY THEORY OF MOTIVATION
Job Inputs
*HOURS WORK
*WORK PERFORMANCE
*EDUCATION
Job Outcomes
*PROMOTIONS
*SALARY
*BONUS/RECOGNITION
This theory uses the variables expectancy instrumentality and valence.
*VROOM’S EXPECTANCY THEORY
Is the belief that increase effort will lead to increase performance.
*EXPECTANCY
Is the belief that if you want perform well that a valued outcome well be received
*INSTRUMENTALITY
Is the importance that the individual places upon the expected outcome.
*VALENCE
Individuals who set specific difficult goals perform better than those who set general easy goals.
*LOCKE’S GOAL- SETTING THEORY
Locke and Latham 5 Principles
1.CLARITY
2.FEEDBACK
3.CHALLENGE
4.TASK COMPLEXITY
5.COMMITMENT
