Hum011 (Lesson 2) Introduction to Logic Flashcards
Who introduced the word Logic?
Zeno
Where did the word Logic come from?
Greek word: Logikie
What does logikie mean?
Discourses on Thinking/ Treatise on Thought
What is Logic?
The science of correct reasoning
______ is not the foundation of knowledge; it is only a _______?
Logic; tool
is the power to perform certain actions guided by “special knowledge” and executed with skill
ART
Precise symbolic representations of logical concepts
Symbolic Logic
Application of logical concepts to the analysis of everyday reasoning and problem-solving
Informal Logic
Study of abstract relationships between concepts
Symbolic Logic
Types of Logic (2)
Symbolic Logic
Informal Logic
There is a need for the human person to obtain knowledge
Nyaya Philosophy
where was Nyaya philosophy?
India
Who authored the nyaya philosphy
Siddharta Gautama
WHat does Nyaya mean
Logical argument/syllogism
Error-free cognition
Perception -
Comes from direct contact between the senses and object
Perception
Use of implication
Inference-
Comparison
Analogy
Due to authority and not by direct experience
Verbal Testimony
- asked what the about the origin of the universe
Pre-aristotelian
where was Pre-aristotelian
Greece
What are the four means of obtaining knowledge
Perception
Inference
Analogy
Verbal Testimony
Epistemology
Post Aristotelian
Who is the founder of logic?
Aristotle
Who is the first thinker to devise a logical system?
Aristotle
explained and defended aristotle’s work on logic
post-Aristotelian
devised mnemonic names for the valid moods canvassed in the Prior Analytics
The Scholastics and Crusaders
Has Sciences (specifically Mathematics)
Modern Logic
What are the sciences of modern logic
Algebraic School
Logicist School
Mathematical School
What are the Historical development of Logic? (6)
Nyaya Philosophy
pre-aristotelian
Aristotelian
Post-aristotelian
The scholastics and Crusaders
Modern Logic
The act by which the intellect grasps the essence of something
Simple apprehension
lays hold of the thing mentally
Apprehension
the intellect merely takes the thing in without any affirmation or denial about it
Simple
A mental operation that pronounces the identity or non-identity between two ideas
Judgment
A mental act that proceeds from the previously known truth to a new truth
Reasoning
Divisions of logic
Simple apprehension
Judgment
Reasoning
