how the heart and lungs work + pump up the volumequestions

Question 1

starting from the lungs, how does the blood flow through the body

Answer 1

lungs
pulmonary veins
heart (left atrium then ventricle)
aorta
artery
arterioles
capilaries
venules
veins
vena cava
heart (right atrium then ventricle)
pulmonary arteries

Question 2

where is blood the slowest

Answer 2

capillaries

Question 3

what is the function of the heart

Answer 3

a muscle (2 atria, 2 ventricles)
that pumps blood around the body that carries oxygen en nutrients

Question 4

what would happen if the heart didn’t pump

Answer 4

the organs would wither and die

Question 5

whats the passive part of respiration

Answer 5

the lungs, which get filled with air

Question 6

whats the active part of respiration

Answer 6

the diaphragm, contracts which flattens it out and creates space. and relaxes in which causes it to arch upwards.
muscles of the ribs contract to create more space for lungs

Question 7

what is the function of arteries, arterioles

Answer 7

carry blood away from the heart
can accomodate changes in blood volume by contracting or relaxing (elastic muscular wall)

Question 8

why can the arteries and arterioles contract and relax

Answer 8

prevent the pressure on the blood vessel from becomming too high (could burst)

Question 9

whats the function of the capillaries

Answer 9

an exchange happens:
feeds tissues with oxygen and nutrients
collects waste products and gases

Question 10

what’s the function of the veins venules

Answer 10

control the amount of blood returning to the heart

Question 11

what would happen if the veins/venules didn’t control the amount of blood

Answer 11

heart would have to pump harder and harder, no time to relax or recover between beats

Question 12

why is elasticity in the tubes of the lungs so vital

Answer 12

they can cope with the changing requirements for oxygen

Question 13

why are your lungs never empty of air

Answer 13

you need residual air to find the strenght to reinflate your lungs

Question 14

what is the difference between the heart of an athlete and a normal person

Answer 14

chambers of heart get larger and stronger

can pump more blood/oxygen into the muscles
-> more efficient than increasing heartbeat

Question 15

why is bigger heart more efficient than faster heartbeat

Answer 15

otherwise pace would be too high for heart to fill up properly

Question 16

how are the lungs of an athlete different

Answer 16

can take in more air

Question 17

what are good exercises

Answer 17

those that involve four limbs
(rowing, skiing cross-country)

Question 18

what are the best exercises to lose weight

Answer 18

lower-grade forms, exercises that you can do for longer

Question 19

can you strain your heart

Answer 19

only an unhealthy heart