How imporant are common factors in psychotherapy? Flashcards
common factors =
theoretical model about the mechanisms of change in psychotherapy, the therapeutic elements common to all or most psychotherapies
the contextual model =
3 pathways through which psychotherapy produces benefits
- the real relationship
- the creation of expectations through explanation of the disorder and the treatment,
- the enactment of health promoting actions
the real relationship =
the personal relationship, genuine with the other and perceives/experiences the other in ways that benefit them
2 characteristics of the therapeutic relationship=
- confidential interactionos
- disclosure of difficult materials
expectations in psychotherapy =
is een vorm van remoralization, patients believe that the explanation + treament will help them
evidence for various common factors (welke?)
- alliance
- empathy
- expectations
- cultural adaptation of evidence based treatments
- therapist effects
alliance =
de band tussen de clinician and client, common factor in pathway 2 and 3, measured early in therapy and correlated with the final outcome.
specific effects =
- treatment differences
- specific effects from dismantling studies
- adherence and competence
3 criticisms about the measurement of alliance
- early respnders report better aliences and have better outcomes
- the correlation between alliance and outcome is due to the patients contributions (willingness) to the alliance but not the therapists contribution
- there may be a halo effect if the patient rates both the alliance and the outcome
op welke pathways speelt empathy in
1 en 2
therapist effects =
if the therapists consistently achieve better outcomes with their patients than other therapists, regardless of the nature of the patients or the treatment delivered