Housing Strategy and Provision Flashcards
What factors influence difference in demand for different housing types?
Demographics– students, elderly population – accessible homes
Income– less affluent areas with lower disposable income, tender to be higher demand for smaller homes
School catchment areas – If a site is within the catchment area for Outstanding Ofsted rated schools, there tends to be a higher demand for family homes
Proximity to transport connections – particularly within London, less demand for cars
Political changes
What is the difference for assessing housing needs inside and outside of London?
- Housing affordability and types - generally lower prices outside London
- Transport and connectivity - car dependence
- Population
- Local employment
- Planning and development policies
What other factors influence supply and demand for housing?
Fiscal Policy Changes
How do political changes influence supply and demand for housing?
How do economic conditions influence supply and demand for housing?
What key methods are uses to source suitable sites for development?
SHMA
SHLAA
Call for sites
What in the purpose of SHMA? How often are they undertaken?
LPA required to produce SHMA as required under the NPPF.
Should assess the full housing needs within an area and the future scale of and mix of housing requirements.
First stage of Local Plan preparation.
Primary objective:
1. Identify forthcoming housing requirements - including types, sizes and tenures.
2. Identify land required for development
3. Give a breakdown of the land requirements in terms of location and quality
4. General market will be assessment, which may identify smaller areas that have specific features or require further assessment
What does SHLAA stand for and what is it?
Strategic Housing Land Availability Assessment - study of sites which have the potential to accommodate development. Assesses, site, constraints, potential no of dwellings and timeline for when site might be developed.
Determine the quality, availability and suitability of potential sites and is a robust indication of housing capacity to inform plan making and the identification of a 5 year land supply.
What does SHMA stand for?
Strategic Housing Market Assessment
What is the process for SHLAA and what type of sites can be included?
Authorities will make a Call for Sites - land owners / interested parties will provide information on site, ownership, constraints, potential capacity, planning and timescales for delivery.
Site will need to meet threshold (size or capacity, usually 5+ homes).
Does not mean that a site will be allocated. Can includes sites:
1. Already under construction but further homes are to be delivered
2. Have planning but not under construction
3. Site allocations
4. Unallocated sites but identified or being promoted as suitable for development
Updated periodically as status of sites change, such as time lapse of planning permission.
Who carries out SHMA in London?
In London, boroughs are not required to carry out their own SHMA. They should instead use the London Plan SHMA and housing requirements in the London Plan.
However, boroughs do carry out their own SHMA to inform housing needs (size, mix, tenure). Under scrutiny as Local Plans require general conformity with the London Plan.
How does SHLAA help in determining a site allocation?
How do local authorities ensure that they are keeping track on their land supply ?
What is the importance of 5 year land supply?
What is an housing delivery test?
What is the annual position?
How do local authorities identify sites for their Local Plans?
What is the process of putting a SHLAA together ?
Stage 1 – Identification of sites
Stage 2- site/ broad location assessment
Stage 3- Windfall assessment (where necessary)
Stage 4- Assessment review
Stage 5- Final evidence base
What is a five year land supply?
A 5 year land supply is a supply of specific deliverable sites sufficient to provide 5 years’ worth of housing (and appropriate buffer) against a housing requirement set out in adopted strategic policies, or against a local housing need figure, using the standard method, as appropriate in accordance with paragraph 73 of the NPPF
How can an authority demonstrate a 5 year supply of deliverable housing sites?
In plan-making, strategic policies should identify a 5 year housing land supply from the intended date of adoption of the plan.
For decision-taking purposes, an authority will need to be able to demonstrate a 5 year housing land supply when dealing with applications and appeals. They can do this in one of two ways:
using the latest available evidence such as a Strategic Housing Land Availability Assessment (SHLAA), Housing and Economic Land Availability Assessment (HELAA), or an Authority Monitoring Report (AMR);
‘confirming’ the 5 year land supply using a recently adopted plan or through a subsequent annual position statement (as set out in paragraph 74 of the National Planning Policy Framework).
What constitutes a ‘deliverable’ housing site in the context of plan-making and decision-taking?
What are the key components in a SHMA?
Planning policy considerations
Market signals (Local house prices, waiting list, rental value, Agent consultation, affordability ratios and housing completions).
Future housing need and population growth (OAN)
Affordable housing need- Salaries, house prices and rental values
Housing mix
Older person need
Private rented sctor
Student housing
A document setting out the 5 year housing land supply position on 1st April each year, prepared by the local planning authority in consultation with developers and others who have an impact on delivery.
What must Local plans do?
- Contribute to the achievement of sustainable development - development and infrastructure required in the area to meet the objective, principles and policies in the NPPF
- Be prepared positively, in a way that is aspirational but deliverable
- Shaped by all stakeholders
- Clearly written and unambiguous policies – evident how a decision maker should react to development proposals
- Accessible via digital tools
- Clear purpose and avoid duplication of policies
- Have an appropriate time scale, preferably a 15-year time horizon, take account of longer term requirements, and be kept up to date.
- Indicate broad locations for strategic development on a key diagram and land use designations (e.g. nature reserves) on a proposals map.
- Allocate sites to promote development and other uses of land, providing detail on form, scale, access and the amount of development where appropriate.
- Identify areas where it may be necessary to limit freedom to change the uses of buildings.
- Identify land which it is genuinely important to protect from development, for instance because of its environmental or historic value.
- Contain a clear strategy for the environmental enhancement of the area.
