Horses A7-10 Flashcards
)DMI of horse
1.5% of bw
DE of horses >600kg
0.14xbw
70mj/day
DCP of horses
0.6g/bwkg
CP maintenance of horses
690g/day
9.5 x DE
CF of horses maintenance
16-18%
Ca of horses maintenance
4g/100bwkg
- 20g/day
P of horses maintenance
3g/100bwkg
- 15g/day
Ca:P ratio of horses maintenance
1.5-2:1
water of horses maintenance
2L/Kg DM
5L/ bwkg
sudan grass in horses
dont igve
it contains prussic acid which causes cystitis
hay requirement of horses maintenance
9-10mj/kg DM
1.5 - 2%
who do you give meadow hay to
stallions in breeding season
gestating and lactating mares
what is alfalfa high in
ca
protein
what does high ca cause
urinary and kidney stones
what does high protein cause
fast foetal growth
developemental orthopaedic issues
increaased body temp
increased NH3
silage requirement of horses maintenance
10kg.day
nutrients of straw
high cf
low protein
low de
max quantity of concentrates given
0.5% bw
benefit of concentrates
improves body condition
examples of concentrates
oat grain
corn
barley grain
wheat grain
what concentrates increase energy content
sugar beet pulp
dry brewer grain
molasses
forage: concentrate ratio for horses of light work
65:35
forage: concentrate ratio for horses of moderate work
50:50
forage: concentrate ratio for horses of intense work
35:65
minimum daily hay requirements
1.5 -2%bw
feed supplements for horses
protein, fat, vits and minerals
protein feed supplement of horses for maintenance
give when requirement > maintenance
max 4kg
wheat germ, extracted meal, legume seeds, wheat bran
fat feed supplement of horses for maintenance
horses have a high fat tolerance
max 1g/bwkg divided into 3 meals
give bottle or pour onto feed
sunflower, flax, rapeseed oil
vits and minerals feed supplement of horses for maintenance
Mg in spring
NaCl in summer
Cu, Mn, Zn
Vit a, e, beta carotene, antioxidants, tau, fe, chronium
natural breeding season of a mare
February — november
flushing of mares
10-20% more DE, vit a, e, beta carotene
improves implantation and fertilisation
gestation period of mares
330-360days
optimal bcs of mares
6
lactation of mares
5-6months
DE of pregnant mare for month 1-8
70mj/day - slow foetus growth
DE of pregnant mare for month 9
+10%
77mj/day
DE of pregnant mare for month 10
+15%
88.5 mj/day
DE of pregnant mare for month 11
+20%
106.3 mj/day
CP of pregnant mare
10.5 x DE
feed intake of pregnant mare for month 1-8
good quality pasture and hay
1.5-2kg forage
0.5kg concentrates
feed intake of pregnant mare for month 9-11
increase concentrates to 1-1.5kg
decrease forages to 0.5 - 1kg
milk production of lactating mare
12-18kg
when does milk production of lactating mare peak
2nd month of lactation
increase in feed for early lactation
2-3kg increase
increase in feed for late lactation
2-2.5kg increase
DM of milk
10.4%
CP of milk
2.2%
CP of milk
2.2%
fat of milk
1.6%
lactose of milk
6.4%
energy of lactating mares
DEm + DEl
DEl of mares
3.3 mj de/kg milk
protein requirement of lactating mares
for first 3 months of lactating
12 x DE
1-2 kg forage
1-2 kg concentrates
protein requirement of lactating mares
for last 3 months of lactating
11 x DE
1-2kg forages
0.5-1.5 concentrates
protein requirement of lactating mares during 2nd month of lactating
1.7kg protein/ day
lysine requirment for lactating mares
3g/kg
water requirement of lactating mares
4-6L/Kg DM per day
birth weight of foal
10% of adults weight
doubles after 2 weeks
frequency of suckling initially
up to 100times/day
frequency of suckling then
30-40 times/ day
frequency of suckling at 5 weeks
17-20% bw is consumed
around 12L milk/day
what is creep feeding
when hat and concentrates are eaten in addition to milk
when does creep feeding starts
at 2-3 weeks when foal starts to nibble feed
what type of feed is included in creep feeding
simple cereals and pelleted diets
for creep feeding what does a 4month old foal eat
4L of oats
increase at a constant rate
what hay type should you limit
alfalfa
how old is a weaning foal
5-6months
what bw is weaning foal
40-45% adult bw
what feed is needed for weaning foal
1kg concentrates (5L oats)
and 2.5kg hay daily
energy requirement of growing foal
DEm + DEg
CP of growing foal at weaning
DE x 12
CP of growing foal at 1 year
DE x 11
CP of growing foal at year 2
DE x 10
bw of yearling
60% of mothers weight to prevent DOD
Feed supplement of breeding stallions
given 2 weeks prior to breeding
a. acids
vitamins
minerals
what is the max amount of supplement given to breeding stallion
2.2-2.5 kg/100kg bw
starch and fat given to breeding stallions
increase fat
decrease starch
to increase energy and decrease starch overload
reason for given antioxidants
to protect sperm from free radicals
max amount of concentrates to give
0.75kg concentrate/100kg bw
maintenance DE for stallions
71mj/day
maintenance DCP for stallions
330g
maintenance CF for stallions
16-18%
maintenance Ca for stallions
23g
maintenance p for stallions
14g
maintenance NaCl for stallions
10-15g/100kg
DE for stallions 2 weeks prior to mating
102mj/day
DCP for stallions 2 weeks prior to mating
850g
CF for stallions 2 weeks prior to mating
lowers
Ca for stallions 2 weeks prior to mating
47g
p for stallions 2 weeks prior to mating
40g
3 groups of work horses
light
moderate
hard
hours of work for light work horses
1-3hrs of work
hours of work for moderate work horses
3-5hrs of works
hours of work for hard work horses
5-8hrs of work
BCS of light work horses
5-6
BCS of moderate work horses
5
BCS of hard work horses
4-5
DE increase of light work horses
25%
DE increase of moderate work horses
50%
DE increase of hard work horses
100%
DM of light work horses
1.5 - 2.25 kg/100bwkg
DM of moderate work horses
1.75 - 2.5 kg100bwkg
DM of hard work horses
2.25 - 3 kg/100bwkg
protein requirement of work horses
12-16%
9.5 x DE
side effects of protein overconsumption
heat production
acid base balance
NH3 accumulation causing resp problems
fat requirement of work horses
8-10%
how to prevent myoglobinuria
have horse walking
increase forage intake
decrease concentrate intake
feed supplement of work horses
Ca/P/Mg
vit c/ e
NaCl 1%
example diet of hobby horse
10kg feed/ day
5kg meadow hay
1kg alfalfa
0.5kg molasses
straw