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Bsc Physiology (Year 1) > Hormones In The Digestive System (part 3) > Flashcards

Hormones In The Digestive System (part 3) Flashcards

1
Q

state the site(s) of production of the hormone - Gastrin

A

G cells in the gastric antrum

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2
Q

state the site(s) of production of the hormone - Ghrelin

A

P/D1 endocrine cells of the oxynit mucosa

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3
Q

state the site(s) of production of the hormone - Leptin

A

chief cells and endocrine P cells

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4
Q

state the site(s) of production of the hormone - Somatostatin

A

enteroendocrine D cells in the antral and fundic mucosa, and along the intestinal mucosa

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5
Q

state the site(s) of production of the hormone - Secretin

A

enteroendocrine S cells of duodenum mucosa

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6
Q

state the site(s) of production of the hormone - Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)

A

enteroendocrine K cells (in the duodenum)

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7
Q

state the site(s) of production of the hormone - Cholecystokinin (CCK)

A

enteroendocrine I cells of the duodenum and jejunum

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8
Q

state the site(s) of production of the hormone - Motilin

A

enteroendocrine M cells (in the duodenum)

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9
Q

state the site(s) of production of the hormone - Pancreatin Peptide YY (PYY)

A

enteroendocrine L cells of the jejunum, ilium and colon

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10
Q

state the site(s) of production of the hormone - Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1)

A

enteroendocrine L cells of the jejunum, ilium and colon

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11
Q

state the site(s) of production of the hormone - Glucagon-Like Peptide 2 (GLP-2)

A

enteroendocrine L cells of the jejunum, ilium and colon

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12
Q

state the site(s) of production of the hormone - Oxynotomodulin (OXM)

A

enteroendocrine L cells of the jejunum, ilium and colon

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13
Q

state the site(s) of production of the hormone - Fibroblast Growth Factor-19 (FGF-19)

A

ilium enterocytes

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14
Q

state the stimulant(s) for secretion for the hormone - Gastrin

A

food ingestion (primarily proteins)

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15
Q

state the stimulant(s) for secretion for the hormone - Ghrelin

A

fasting, before a meal

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16
Q

state the stimulant(s) for secretion for the hormone - Leptin

A
  1. food ingestion
  2. vagal nerve stimulation
  3. Secretin
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17
Q

state the 4 stimulant(s) for secretion for the hormone - Somatostatin

A
  1. intraluminal nutrients and acids
  2. adrenergic stimulation
  3. CCK
  4. Gastrin
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18
Q

state the 2 stimulant(s) for secretion for the hormone - Secretin

A
  1. acidic chyme form stomach

2. digested fats and proteins

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19
Q

state the stimulant(s) for secretion for the hormone - Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP)

A

food ingestion (primarily carbs and fats)

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20
Q

state the stimulant(s) for secretion for the hormone - Cholecystokinin (CCK)

A

food ingestion (primarily proteins and fats)

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21
Q

state the stimulant(s) for secretion for the hormone - Motilin

A

inter-digestive fasting period

22
Q

state the stimulant(s) for secretion for the hormone - Pancreatic Peptide YY (PYY)

A

food ingestion (primarily fat)

23
Q

state the stimulant(s) for secretion for the hormone - Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1)

A

food ingestion (primarily carbs and fats)

24
Q

state the stimulant(s) for secretion for the hormone - Glucagon-Like Peptide 2 (GLP-2)

A

co-secreted with GLP-1 in response to nutrient ingestion

25
Q

state the stimulant(s) for secretion for the hormone - Oxynotomodulin (OXM)

A

food ingestion (primarily fat)

26
Q

state the stimulant(s) for secretion for the hormone - Fibroblast Growth Factor-19 (FGF-19)

A

bile acids acting on FXR (a nuclear receptor)

27
Q

state the 2 receptor/site of action for the hormone - Gastrin

A
  1. CCK2 receptor on fundic entero-chromaffin like cells

2. gastric parietal cells

28
Q

state the receptor/site of action for the hormone - Ghrelin

A

GH secretagogue receptor 1a

29
Q

state the receptor/site of action for the hormone - Leptin

A

Leptin receptor OB-R on enterocytes and gastric regal afferent nerves

30
Q

state the receptor/site of action for the hormone - Somatostatin

A

somatostatin receptor along GI tract and on the pancreas

31
Q

state the receptor/site of action for the hormone - Secretin

A

secretin receptor on basolateral membranes in the pancreas and kidney

32
Q

state the receptor/site of action for the hormone - Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP)

A

GIP receptor on endocrine pancreas

33
Q

state the 4 receptor/site of action for the hormone - Cholecystokinin (CCK)

A
  1. CCK1 and CCK2 receptors on vagal afferent nerves
  2. pancreas
  3. gallbladder
  4. CNS
34
Q

state the receptor/site of action for the hormone - Motilin

A

Motilin receptor on muscles of the GI tract

35
Q

state the 3 receptor/site of action for the hormone - Pancreatic Peptide YY (PYY)

A
  1. at least 5 distinct Y receptor sub-types along the pancreas
  2. GI tract
  3. CNS
36
Q

state the 3 receptor/site of action for the hormone - Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1)

A
  1. GLP-1 receptor along GI tract
  2. pancreas
  3. CNS
37
Q

state the 3 receptor/site of action for the hormone - Glucagon-Like Peptide 2 (GLP-2)

A
  1. GLP-2 receptors in the GI tract
  2. enteric NS
  3. CNS
38
Q

state the receptor/site of action for the hormone - Oxynotomodulin (OXM)

A

GLP-1 and Glucagon receptors

39
Q

state the receptor/site of action for the hormone - Fibroblast Growth Factor-19 (FGF-19)

A

heteromeric receptor in the liver

40
Q

state the major function(s) of the hormone - Gastrin

A
  1. stimulates gastric acid secretion

2. stimulates epithelial cell proliferation

41
Q

state the major function(s) of the hormone - Ghrelin

A
  1. affects appetite and feeding
  2. stimulates gastric emptying
  3. stimulates acid secretion
  4. stimulates GH release
42
Q

state the major function(s) of the hormone - Leptin

A
  1. affects appetite and feeding
  2. stimulates CCK and GLP-1 secretion
  3. modulates intestinal absorption of nutrients
43
Q

state the major function(s) of the hormone - Somatostatin

A
  1. inhibits gastric acid secretion

2. inhibits endocrine and exocrine pancreatic secretion

44
Q

state the major function(s) of the hormone - Secretin

A
  1. stimulates pancreatic alkaline secretion
  2. inhibits gastric mobility and acid secretion
  3. plays a key role in osmoregulation
45
Q

state the major function(s) of the hormone - Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide (GIP)

A

potentiates glucose stimulated insulin secretion

46
Q

state the major function(s) of the hormone - Cholecystokinin (CCK)

A
  1. reduces feeding/meal size
  2. inhibits gastric emptying and acid secretion
  3. stimulates gall bladder contraction
  4. stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion
47
Q

state the major function(s) of the hormone - Motilin

A

induces phase 2 contraction of migrating motor complex (MMC)

48
Q

state the major function(s) of the hormone - Pancreatin Peptide YY (PYY)

A
  1. reduces food intake
  2. inhibits gastric emptying
  3. inhibits pancreatic secretion
49
Q

state the major function(s) of the hormone - Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP-1)

A
  1. reduces food intake
  2. inhibits gastric emptying and GI secretion
  3. inhibits pancreatic secretion
50
Q

state the major function(s) of the hormone - Glucagon Like Peptide 2 (GLP-2)

A
  1. stimulates growth in mucosa
  2. inhibits gastric emptying and acid secretion
  3. enhances intestinal nutrient absorption and blood flow
51
Q

state the major function(s) of the hormone - Oxynotomodulin (OXM)

A
  1. reduce food intake
  2. reduce gastric acid and exocrine pancreatic secretion
  3. promotes glucose stimulated insulin secretion
52
Q

state the major function(s) of the hormone - Fibroblast Growth Factor-19 (FGF-19)

A
  1. suppress bile acid secretion
  2. stimulate hepatic protein synthesis and glycogenesis
  3. suppress gluconeogenesis

Bsc Physiology (Year 1) (34 decks)

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