Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

Hormone

A

A hormone is a chemical substance, produced by a gland and carried by the blood, which alters the activity of specific target organs (and is then destroyed by the liver).

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2
Q

Hormones effects on the body

A

Hormones have their effects on the body by their interaction with DNA and the process of protein synthesis.

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3
Q

Testes

A

Controls the development of the male secondary sexual characteristics and is involved in the production of sperm

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4
Q

Ovaries

A

Controls the development of the female secondary sexual characteristics and is involved in the menstrual cycle

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5
Q

Insulin

A

A hormone produced by your pancreas to lower you blood sugar levels. (Is produced after a meal)
Insulin allows glucose to move from your blood into your cells where it is used

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6
Q

Glucagon

A

When you blood sugar levels fall below range, the pancreas releases a different hormone called glucagon which makes your liver break down glycogen, turning it into glucose.

Glucagon released: glycogen broken down into glucose
Amino acids/fats broken down

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7
Q

Diabetes type 1

A

Younger individuals normally get it and when the pancreas produces little or no insulin.

Treatments: pancreas transplant, transplanting pancreatic cells, production of insulin secreting cells.

Need to be careful of carbohydrate consumption.

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8
Q

Diabetes type 2

A

Linked to obesity and old age

Treated by eating a balanced diet, loosing weight, regular exercise.

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