B 15

Question 1

Abiotic factors

Answer 1

Non living elements of the environment

Question 2

Community

Answer 2

Group of interdependent living organisms in a community

Question 3

Ecosystem

Answer 3

Interacting organisms and their environment

Question 4

Interdependence

Answer 4

When different populations rely on each other

Question 5

Biotic factors

Answer 5

Interaction of living things

Question 6

Habitat

Answer 6

An area where organisms live

Question 7

Distribution

Answer 7

Where particular types of organisms are found within an environment

Question 8

What do organisms require

Answer 8

They require materials from their surroundings and other living organisms to survive and reproduce

Question 9

Stable community

Answer 9

Is one where all the species and environmental factors are in balance so that population sizes remain fairly consistent

Question 10

Abiotic Factors

Answer 10

Light intensity 
Temperature 
Moisture levels
Soil pH and mineral concentration 
Wind intensity and direction 
CO2 levels for plants
The availability of oxygen for aquatic animals

Question 11

Biotic factors

Answer 11

Availability of food
New predators arriving
New pathogens
New competitors

Question 12

Light intensity

Answer 12

Light limits photosynthesis. Some plants are adapted to living in low light levels. For example they may have more chlorophyll or bigger leaves

Question 13

Temperature

Answer 13

Is a limiting factor of photosynthesis. Plants are all small which means there are less herbivores in the area

Question 14

Moisture levels

Answer 14

If there is little water life can’t thrive. Very little plants in dessert

Question 15

Soil pH and mineral concentration

Answer 15

Impact on distribution of plants. Most plants struggle to grow with low mineral concentrations.

Question 16

Wind intensity and direction

Answer 16

In areas with strong prevailing winds, shape of trees and landscape is affected. Plants transpire fast

Question 17

Availability of Oxygen

Answer 17

Some invertebrates can survive with low oxygen levels

Question 18

Availability of CO2

Answer 18

Acts as a limiting factor for photosynthesis

Question 19

Availability of Food

Answer 19

When there is plenty of food, organisms can breed successfully.

Question 20

New pathogens or parasites

Answer 20

Organisms will have no resistance to the disease

Question 21

New predators

Answer 21

No defence could wipe out organisms

Question 22

What do plant compete for

Answer 22

Light for photosynthesis (to make food)
Water for photo synthesis (keeping their tissues rigid)
Nutrients (minerals) from the soil. Chemicals they need in the cells
Space to grow. (Roots to take up water and minerals and their leaves to capture light

Question 23

Adaptions in plants

Answer 23

Early flowering in the year.
Some plants have shallow roots whereas some plants have very deep roots.
If one plant is growing in the shade, it may grow taller to reach light.

Question 24

Spreading the seeds

Answer 24

To reproduce successfully, the plant needs to spread its seeds far away, to avoid competition with its own seedlings.

The plant may use wind to spread their seeds apart.

Question 25

Herbivores adaptions

Answer 25

Have sharp teeth for grinding up plant cells

Question 26

Carnivores adaptions

Answer 26

Have sharp teeth for ripping flesh and crushing bones

Question 27

Extremophiles

Answer 27

Are organisms that survive and reproduce in the most difficult conditions

Question 28

Sea birds adaptions

Answer 28

Are able to get rid of salty water via crying very salty tears.

Question 29

Biggest challenges in weather

Answer 29

Coping with lack of water

Stopping body temperature getting too high or low

Question 30

Animals in cold climates

Answer 30

A small surface area to volume ratio, will minimise cooling

Question 31

Camouflage (structural)

Answer 31

This adaption is important for for predators and to not be seen by prey

Question 32

Changing surface area in leaves

Answer 32

This reduces water loss in desert plants