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Biochemistry > Hormone Structure And Action > Flashcards

Hormone Structure And Action Flashcards

1
Q

What is the neuroendocrine system?

A

System that coordinates metabolism in mammals

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2
Q

What do hormones act through?

A

Specific receptors to bring about changes in cellular activities

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3
Q

3 hormone classes? When considering chemical structure

A

Peptide
Lipid
Monoamine

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4
Q

What is endocrine signaling?

A

Hormones carried by the bloodstream to nearby cells or other organs

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5
Q

Is the distance in neuronal signaling long or short? (Typically)

A

Short

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6
Q

Is the distance in neuronal signaling long or short?

A

Can be both but often long

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7
Q

What can c-peptide be used for?

A

As a biomarker to for example indicate now much insulin is release

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8
Q

Which is the largest insulin sensitive tissue in the body?

A

Muscle

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9
Q

What mediates the transport of glucose into muscle & adipose tissue?

A

Glut4

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10
Q

Where is glut 2 found?

A

Liver
Pancreas
Beta cells
Hypothalamus

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11
Q

Where is glut 4 found?

A

Skeletal & cardiac muscle
Fat

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12
Q

What does gherlin stimulate?

A

Feeding

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13
Q

What does incretin do?

A

Acts in pancreas to increase insulin secretion and decrease glucagon secretion

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14
Q

What is it called when you have low glucose?

A

Hypoglycemia

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15
Q

4 hormones that maintain glucoselevel

A

Insulin
Glucagon
Epinephrine
Cortisol

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16
Q

Which are more abundant in islets of langerhan, beta or alpha cells?

A

Beta cells

17
Q

What is epinephrine synthesised from?

A

Tyrosine

18
Q

5 major classes of steroid hormones

A

Progesterone
Testosterone
Estradiol
Cortisol
Aldosterone

19
Q

Do steroid hormones respond fast or slow?

A

Very slow because they have to synthesise hormones

20
Q

Is cortisol long term or short term stress?

A

Long term

21
Q

How does stress decrease fat in adipose tissue?

A

Cortisol promotes the breakdown of fat

22
Q

What does cortisol counteract?

A

Insulin

Biochemistry (28 decks)

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