Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MICRB 265 > Horizontal Gene Transfer > Flashcards

Horizontal Gene Transfer Flashcards

1
Q

Ways foreign DNA enters the cell

A

Transformation
Transduction
Conjugation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Once inside the cell, DNA can

A

Be degraded/lost
Replicate as separate entities (plasmids, phage)
Be integrated into the chromosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How is DNA integrated into the chromosome

A

Recombination
Transposition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Important type of genetic recombination

A

Homologous recombination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

HR important for

A

DNA repair (double strand breaks)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Key player in HR

A

RecA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does RecA do

A

Binds single stranded DNA, searches for homologous DS DNA, mediates strand invasion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Mobile genetic elements found in almost all species

A

Transposable elements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Transposable elements contain

A

Transposase gene, inverted repeats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do transposase enzymes do

A

Recognize inverted repeats, cleaves DNA to free the transposable element, cleaves different DNA and inserts TE into it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Two kinds of transposable elements

A

Conservative (cut and paste)
Replicative (copy and paste)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is transformation

A

Free DNA incorporated into recipient cell by competent bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does transformation work

A

DNA from environment captured by pili, retract, bring DNA through OM/CW
One strand is degraded, other passes through CM into cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Virus that infects a bacterium

A

Bacteriophage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Virus DNA packed into

A

Virions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Temperate bacteria can

A

Operate through the lytic or lysogenic pathway

17
Q

What is lytic vs lysogenic

A

Lytic = virus DNA replicates in host cell using resources then lyses cell
Lysogenic = DNA integrated into host DNA (prophage)

18
Q

What is transduction

A

Virus transfers DNA from one cell to another

19
Q

Two types of transduction

A

Generalized: host cell DNA accidentally packaged into viral particle during lytic cycle

Specialized: prophage DNA excised and packaged, neighbouring DNA accidentally packaged

20
Q

Secretion system in conjugation

A

Type four

21
Q

What is an Hfr cell

A

Insertion sequence of F plasmid can be integrated into chromosome producing Hfr cell
Donors chromosomal DNA may also be transferred and incorporated

MICRB 265 (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions