2-1: Prokaryotic Cells and Their Morphologies Flashcards
Difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Prok = small
Euk = multiple compartments (organelles)
How large are most bacterial cells
0.5 um to 10 um
How does cell size affect the cell
Changes how quickly cells exchange nutrients with their environment (surface area to volume ratio)
What size of cell exchanges nutrients more quickly? what does this mean for that cell?
Small cells, and they can grow / reproduce quicker
Less energy to replicate
What is an organelle
A membrane bound compartment
What are the different kinds of cocci bacteria
Staphylococci (clusters)
Diplococci (pairs)
Streptococci (chains)
What kind of cocci is Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Diplococci
What shape is Salmonella enterica
Bacilli
What is Vibrio shaped bacteria
Comma shaped
Name all the different shapes of bacteria
Cocci, Bacilli, Vibrio, Helical, Spirochetes, Appendaged, Filamentous
What shape is a spirochete
Long skinny spirals
How does cell shape affect a cell
Nutrient uptake, motility, attachment, interaction with other microbes
What does monomorphic mean
One shape observed in most pure cultures
What does pleomorphic mean
Multiple different morphologies for same bacteria
Why would a cell be pleomorphic
Reaction to environment, mutation
