Homeostasis Flashcards
What 2 things is homeostasis about
Keeping the right balances in the body and removing waste
What are the 4 things the body needs to keep the same
Body Temperature
Iron content
Water content
Blood glucose concentration
Why is the removal of waste key in the body
The body cannot cope with high concentrations of waste products as it could damage cells and chemical reactions in the body
What are the 2 waste products released by the body
Water
Carbon dioxide
Why does the body need to remove waste water
Too much (or too little) can damage cells
What organ deals with waste water in the body
Kidneys
How does the kidneys deal with waste water in the blood plasma
Produces a larger volume of urine which is also more dilute
Where is water in the body found
Blood plasma
Name 4 ways water is lost from the body
Urine
Sweating
Faeces
Respiration
What function does the kidneys have in the body
Filtering out small molecules from the blood
What 4 molecules in the body does the kidneys filter out
Water
Salts
Urea
Glucose
How do we get urine
When the kidneys filter the 4 molecules out, it takes in all the glucose and the needed water and salts leaving urea plus left over salts/water which make urine
What is urine
Left over salts, left over water and urea filtered out of the body by the kidneys
What does dilute urine mean
That the kidneys have filtered most of the salts and water out of the body
What does concentrated urine mean
That the water levels in blood plasma is low
What 3 things does the change in urine concentration depend on?
External temperature
Intake of fluids and salts
Exercise
What are the 2 functions of sweating
Cool the body down
Water loss
Why do our hands and feet feel the cold first
The body is trying to maintain core temperature
What part of the body requires a constant supply of blood glucose
Body cells
What monitors the levels of blood glucose in the body
Pancreas
How does the body control the concentration of blood glucose in the body
Produces insulin
How does the pancreas react if the concentration of blood glucose in the blood is too high
It increases the level of insulin so that the amount of blood glucose being transferred to cells increases, ultimately reducing blood glucose levels in the blood
How does the pancreas react if the concentration of blood glucose in the blood is too low
It decreases the level of insulin so that the amount of blood glucose being transferred to cells is reduced, ultimately increasing blood glucose levels in the blood
What does the production of insulin in the pancreas do
Causes blood glucose to move into cells
What is specific about people with diabetes
They cannot control their blood glucose level - this can be fatal
What is type 1 diabetes
When the body does not produce enough insulin
How can type 1 diabetes be treated
2 ways
By paying careful attention to diet
Regularly injecting insulin into the body
What is type 2 diabetes
The result of a poor diet
How can you treat type 2 diabetes
2 ways
Watching diet
Exercising
Explain what happens when the pancreas detects too much glucose in the blood
Releases insulin
Insulin converts glucose to glycogen
Glycogen gets stored in the liver and muscles
