Holzel Et Al (procedure) Flashcards
1
Q
What is the aim of the study?
A
- To investigate whether participation in an 8 week Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction course.
- Could lead to changes in grey matter concentration in the brain.
2
Q
What is the Mindfulness-based stress reduction course?
A
- A standard programme of mindfulness based interventions. (lasting 8 weeks)
- That trains ppts in mindfulness exercises.
- Designed to develop awareness of the present moment and a compassionate non-judgmental view.
3
Q
How long did the course last?
A
The course consisted of:
* Weekly sessions: 2 hours and 30 mins
* Full day session: In the 6th week (6.5hours)
* 8 Weeks
4
Q
Summarise the procedure
A
- MBSR course
- 3 Mindfulness exercises
- Audio recordings
- Classes
- Questionnaires
- Homework
- MRI scans
5
Q
What 3 mindfulness exercises did the ppts have to do?
A
- Body scan
- Mindful yoga
- Sitting mediation
6
Q
Define “body scan”
A
- Attension is guided throughout the body in a sequence
- Which ends in with a perception of the body as a complete whole.
7
Q
Define “Mindful Yoga”
A
- Consists of gentle stretching, breathing exercises, slow movement
- Aims to raise awarness of the moment to moment experience
8
Q
Define “Sitting Meditation”
A
- Focuses on internal bodily sensations as well as thoughts and feelings
- And progresses to extenal sensations such as sounds, sights and tastes
9
Q
Describe the audio recording used in the study
A
- A 45 minute recording of guided mindfulness exercises
- Was given to each ppts with the instruction to practice them at home daily (H/W)
10
Q
What was the ppts H/W?
A
- Listening to the 45 minute guided mindfulness exercises at home daily
- Reporting time spent on the formal HW/ time spent on the 3 mindful exercises
11
Q
Describe the sessions/classes that the ppts had to attend
A
- Ppts were given advice on how to intergrate mindfulness in everyday activities (showering, eating)
- Instructions on how to use mindfulness to deal with stress of daily life
12
Q
What is the FFMQ?
A
- 5 Facet Mindfulness Questionnare
- A questionnare with 39 items with 5 (Likert) scales measuring (observations, describing, acting with awarness, Non judging, non reactivity)
- Completed by the EG before and after the course
- Completed by the CG twice
- 14 ppts in each group provided usuable data at both time points
- ( reverse scoring)
13
Q
What is “observing”?
A
- Noticing internal and external stimuli
- Such as (thoughts, feelings, sights)
14
Q
What is “describing”
A
- Mentally labelling these observations with words
15
Q
What is “acting with awareness”?
A
- Attentiveness to current actions
- Rather than responding absentmindedly/ automatically
