HIV AND DM Flashcards
What is the rationale for diabetes screening in patients on HIV medications?
Certain HIV meds increase diabetes risk due to insulin resistance and comorbid conditions such as obesity and dyslipidemia.
Insulin resistance can lead to higher blood glucose levels, necessitating monitoring.
Which medications are known to increase diabetes risk in HIV patients?
- Protease Inhibitors: Indinavir, Lopinavir/ritonavir, Ritonavir (boosting doses)
- NRTIs: Stavudine, Zidovudine
These medications can lead to metabolic changes that predispose patients to diabetes.
What is the recommended baseline assessment for diabetes screening before starting ART?
- Perform fasting glucose test
- Consider HbA1c if appropriate
Establishing a baseline helps in monitoring changes over time.
How often should routine monitoring for diabetes occur in patients on HIV medications?
Every 3-6 months.
Regular monitoring helps to catch any changes in glucose levels early.
What symptoms should be monitored for hyperglycemia?
- Thirst
- Urination
Recognizing these symptoms early can lead to timely intervention.
When should more frequent monitoring for diabetes be considered?
- Patients with family history of diabetes
- Presence of obesity or metabolic syndrome
These factors increase the risk of developing diabetes.
What should be included in a medication review for patients on ART?
- Regularly assess ART regimen for metabolic side effects
- Consider switching to newer meds with better profiles if diabetes develops
This ensures that patients receive the safest and most effective treatment.
What comprehensive care strategies can help mitigate diabetes risk in HIV patients?
- Encourage diet and exercise
- Collaborate with specialists for glucose management
Lifestyle changes and specialist input can significantly impact diabetes prevention.
الفرق بين أدوية السرطان والإيدز
Cancer: PD stand for PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH.
HIV: PI stand for PROTEASE INHIBITORS
What medications increase the risk of myositis when interacting with statins?
Protease inhibitors
Protease inhibitors may affect statin clearance by the liver, potentially leading to myositis.
What should be considered when there is an interaction between protease inhibitors and statins?
Statin dose reduction or change in HIV therapy
The interaction can increase the risk of myositis.
What is the potential effect of high-dosage statin therapy?
Increased risk of diabetes mellitus
This should not deter lowering LDL cholesterol in high cardiovascular risk patients.
Do statins inhibit antiviral agents?
No
Statins do not inhibit antiviral agents.
What is the risk of significant liver disease from statins?
Rare
Statins may cause mild increases in transaminase levels (1%-2%), but significant liver disease is uncommon.
What should be done if transaminase levels are <3 times the upper normal limit while on statins?
Continue therapy
Significant liver disease from statins is rare.
