HIV and AIDS Flashcards
What is the natural history of HIV?
Acute infection –> Asymptomatic –> HIV related illness –> AIDS defining illness –> death
What is the normal CD4?
> 500
What is CD4 that is AIDS defining?
<200
What is the method by which HIV attacks?
HIV infects and destroys cells in immune system, esp T helper cells that are CD4+, and cells with CD4 receptors in macrophages, monocytes, cells in brain, skin and other sites
What is stage I infection?
Asymptomatic
What is the presentation of stage II infections?
Weight loss <10% body weight
Minor mucocutaneous symptoms
Herpes zoster in last 5 years
Recurrent URT infection
What is the presentation of stage 3 infection?
Weight loss >10% bodyweight Unexplained chronic diarrhoea/fever for >1month Oral candidiasis Oral hairy leukoplakia PulmonaryTB Severe bacterial infections
What s the presentation of stage 4 infection?
ya done fucked
AIDS defining conditions
What is the average asymptomatic phase?
7 years
What are AIDS defining conditions?
TB- most common cause of death-
pneumocytosis
Cerebral toxoplasmosis, primary cerebral lymphoma, cryptococcal meningitis, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
Kaposi’s sarcoma, cervical cancer, non Hodgkin’s lymphoma
What is the treatment of HIV?
Combination antiretroviral therapy- at least 3 drugs from at least 2 classes
When should HIV be treated?
Consider all at diagnosis
Encourage when CD4 <350
ASAP when CD4 <200
Before 3rd trimester in pregnant woman
What can be targeted in HIV therapy?
Reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Integrase inhibitor
Protease inhibitor
What are the types of antiviral drug?
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Protease inhibiors
Integrase inhibitors
What are the possible side effects of non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors?
Skin rashes, hypersensitivity
Drug interactions
