History:The Medieval Times Flashcards
Feudalism
The system of land ownership where rulers (king,lords)divided land among their followers in return for loyalty and taxes.
Peasants
The people who worked on a lord’s land.
Oath of chivalry
Sworn by a knight to be loyal to his lord , protect the poor and weak and be brave in battle.
Open field system
The system of farming where peasants were each given strips of land to farm in large fields .
Fallow
Leave the land uncultivated (not used for growing crops)for one year so that the soil could recover its nutrients.
Commons
Used for grazing the animals that belonged to the peasants.
Tithe
The payment of one tenths of a peasant’s annual income to the Church.
Charter
A contract whereby a town was granted freedom to run its own affairs but paid taxes to the king.
Guild
An organisation of skilled people who worked in the same trade.
The feudal system
King gives the lands to a lord (nobles)called a FIEF.The nobles give the lands to knights.Then the knights give the lands and protections to the peasants.The peasants give food and services to knights.The knights give protection and military services to the nobles.The nobles then give the king money and knights.
What is a motte?
A motte is the high mound (hill).
What is a bailey?
A bailey is the courtyard below the motte.
Defensive features in a pre Medieval Castle
It was surrounded by a wooden fence for protection.
A moat (trench with water) surrounded the castle.
A drawbridge led across the moat.
Battlements
A path on the top of the walls.
Turrets
Towers built on the wall for defence.