History test 4 Flashcards
The term Industrial Revolution best refers to
A series of technological developments that transformed manufacturing
What was a significant effect of the War of 1812 on the nation?
Increasingly strong feelings of nationalism around the country
John C. Calhoun favored the concept of nullification, which
Allowed individual states to void federal laws they deemed unconstitutional
Which statement best expresses the concept of Manifest Destiny?
God wants the United States to own all of North America
Why were southern Democrats overwhelmingly in favor of going to war with Mexico?
They expected the conquered territories occupied by American settlers
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo forced Mexico to do what?
Give up the northern region of their country to the United States
Why did Californians want California to enter the Union as a free state?
They did not want southerners using slave labor to find gold
How did the Underground Railroad help enslaved African Americans?
It provided a network of escape routes toward the North
How did Frederick Douglass bring credibility to the abolition movement?
As a former slave, his stories of slavery’s cruelty and injustice opened people’s eyes
According to pro-slavery advocates, why was slave labor superior to wage labor?
Employers and workers were not always fighting over wages
Why would free African Americans likely be suspicious of the American Colonization Society?
It had been started by slave owners
The Panic of 1837 strengthened the political fortunes of which political party?
Whig Party
Anger over tariffs led John C. Calhoun to claim that states could void any federal law deemed unconstitutional. This concept is called what?
Nullification
Which solution did President Polk offer to overcome opposition to the annexation of Texas?
The acquisition of the Oregon Territory
What did the Gag Rule of 1836 prohibit?
The discussion of slavery in Congress
Why were miners in the California Gold Rush called Forty-niners?
A large number of people migrated to California to find gold in 1849
What was the justification for the concept of Manifest Destiny often based on?
Religious beliefs
After the United states won the Mexican American War, what did the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo do?
Extended the western border of the United States to the Pacific Ocean
The debate over the annexation of Texas represented one part of a much larger national debate over which of the following issues?
The expansion of slavery
Henry Clay promoted what ambitious economic plan based on tariffs that he believed would encourage growth in the country’s new industrial industries?
American slavery
In an effort to improve transportation, states used private companies to build and operate roads that users had to pay a toll to use called what?
Turnpikes
The American colonization Society established which colony on the coast of Africa to encourage the migration of free African Americans back to Africa?
Liberia
Which inventor is responsible for introducing interchangeable parts and the cotton gin to America?
Eli Whitney
As the slavery debate intensified, which policy in 1820 set the precedent for how future states would be admitted to the Union?
Missouri Compromise
The reform movement led by Americans opposed to slavery became known as what?
Abolition Movement
Which candidate won the 1824 election by making what was known as the “corrupt bargain”?
John Quincy Adams
In the 1844 election which candidate won by promising to acquire both the Texas and Oregon territories?
James Polk
What U.S. policy from the mid-1800s does this map illustrate?
The removal of American Indians from the eastern United States
“Oh! times are tough, amazing rough,
Expenses are alarming,
I will go West, it’s far the best,
Try my luck at farming.
For the idea of staying here
To just earn your gruel,
Makes me feel sad and sometimes mad
‘Tis so awful cruel.”
-Lyrics by William Geer from “I Will Go West!”, by J.P. Barrett, 1875
What does the excerpt reveal about the motivations of Americans who migrated westwards during the 1800s?
They hoped to find better lives and economic opportunity
“The occasion has been judged proper for asserting, as a principle in which the rights and interests of the United States are involved, that the American continents, by the free and independent condition which they have assumed and maintain, are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers.”
-James Monroe, address to Congress, December 2, 1823
What does President Monroe’s statement suggest that the United States will do?
Oppose European colonization in the Americas
Which statement does the map best support?
The U.S. government sought to strike a balance between slave and non-slave states
Based on the map, which event secured the most land for the United States?
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
“We, the People of Texas, in order to form a Government, establish justice, ensure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defence and general welfare; and to secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves, and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution.”
–Constitution of the Republic of the republic of Texas, 1836
The excerpt shows the intention of Texas settlers to
Form an independent nation
British immigrant who is credited with bringing over Industrial Revolution knowledge
Samuel Slater
8th President of the United States, responsible for the Panic of 1837
Martin Van Buren
Integral part of gaining Texas independence, he was an early President of the Republic of Texas
Sam Houston
President responsible for the Indian Removal Act and weakening the Federal Bank
Andrew Jackson
Leader who led the Mormons west seeking religions freedoms
Brigham Young
Former VP who threatened South Carolina’s secession during the Nullification Crisis
John Calhoun
He revolutionized communication by creating an electric telegraph
Samuel FB Morse
Led a Virginian slave revolt in 1831
Nat Turner
His rise to President set the precedent for future presidential succession
John Tyler
Military leader who overthrew the weak Mexican government and conquered the Alamo
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
President whose theatrical campaign revolutionized future presidential campaigns
William Henry Harrison
Author of the Missouri Compromise and one of the founders of the Whig Party
Henry Clay
