history - psych dis Flashcards
what are the standards for defining a psych disorder
- assumed some dysfunction in mental process which causes a problem
- distress or suffering
- disability (impairment in daily life functioning)
- violation of social norms
what are the core premises of distress
PTSD, anxiety, depression, anguish
what do we rely on to define violation of social norms
- widely held standards of thought, behaviour, action
- cultural relativism
aspects of society change over time
how do you define disability
- behaviour, thoughts, feelings which impair ability to function in work, relaitonships, leisure
how do you define dysfunction
internal mechanisms in brain which deviate from that of the original function of that brain part
generally, how do psych disorders arise
from complex, and dynamic interaction of biological, psychosocial factors, not a single gene or disease process
defining disorders - hard why?
normal and abnormal behaviour lie on a continuum
definitions of abnormal are relative and change over time
why are definitions continuously revised
because definitions and symptoms are constantly changing based on culture, gender, age, context etc
wha was the first thought of odd behvaiour
was a consequence of the presence of a demon in the body
what is demonology
the doctrine that an evil being/spirit can dwell within a persona and control the mind/body
what was the treatment for demonology
to make the body uninhabitable
- made them old, hot, methods of abuse, starvations etc
who was hippocrates and what was his proposition of disordered thinking
father of modern medicine
- disordered thinking was linked to brain pathology, psych symptoms caused by physical illness
what were the 4 humours that mental health symptoms were a result of
blood
phelgm
bile
black bile
what was thought to cause hysteria
psych symptoms were due to the uterus moving around the body
treatments for melancholia
tranquility, sobreity, exercise, diet, no sex
treatment for hysteria
apply pleasant smells to vagina to attract uterus back into position
be constantly pregnant to keep womb occupied
who took care of the mentally ill in the dark ages and what were the treatments
christian monasteries
- prayer and relic based, return of supernatural beliefs and witch trials
what was bedlam
asylum where people could pay tickets to come and view the mentally ill as entertainment
who ended the system of asylums
phillipe pinel
what is the modern biological approach and its most influential observation
the study of general paresis (deteriorating mental and eventual paralysis)
syphillis and mental health
a causal link was established from infection, caused changes in brain functioning, altered states of consciousness and state of mental health
who was francis galton and what were his theories
first to study genetics (families and twins)
mental conditions run in the family
who pioneered the eugenics movement
francis galton
what is the eugenics movement
traits are heritable so we should eliminate undesirable traits from the populations
forced sterilisation of those with psych disorders
