Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

TCD > Eating Disorders > Flashcards

Eating Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

anorexia nervosa - DSM

A

pretence preoccupation with what is put into their body
restriction of energy intake relative to requirements, leading to significantly low body weight (for age, sex, height)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how is anorexia nervosa assessed

A

using BMI charts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

mild anorexia BMI

A

> 17

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

moderate anorexia BMI

A

16- 17

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

severe anorexia BMI

A

15-16

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

extreme anorexia BMI

A

<15

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the symptoms of anorexia nervosa

A

intense fear of weight gain or becoming overweight
behaviour which interferes with weight gain despite being underweight
distorted self image
lack of recognition of seriousness of the low weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

subtypes of anorexia

A

restricting
binge-purging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

anorexia - restricting

A

dieting to limit calorie intake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

anorexia - binging/purging

A

purging to limit calorie intake
includes compensatory behaviours (excessive exercises, laxatives etc)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

anorexia and body image distortions

A

overestimate their weight more than other people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

anorexia and thigh circumference distortion

A

overestimated by 30%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

prevalence of anorexia nervosa

A

~1%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

anorexia nervosa and sex differences

A

10x more common in females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

anorexia nervosa and age of onset

A

adolescence
- critical period for brain development where people are gaining independence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

anorexia nervosa and mortality rate

A

highest of any psych disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

outcomes from restrictive eating

A

anaemia
bone and muscle loss
hair loss
lanugo
infertility (menstrual cycle shuts down)
kidney problem
electrolyte imbalance
arrhythmias
suicide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

criteria of bulimia nervosa

A
  • recurrent episodes of binge eating
  • recurrent inappropriate compensatory behaviours to prevent potential weight gain
  • at least 1x a week, for 3 months
  • self evaluation is unduly influenced by body image
  • not better explained by anorexia nervosa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

binge eating episodes explained

A

eating amount of food larger than most would eat in similar time-period, and circumstances
sense of lack of control over eating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

compensatory behaviours explained

A

vomiting
diuretics/laxatives
fasting
excess exercise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

lifetime prevalence of bulimia nervosa

A

~1-2%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

bulimia nervosa and sex differences

A

90% of patients are females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

bulimia nervosa and age of onset

A

adolescence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

bulimia nervosa and weight

A

most are normal or overweight

25
Q

bulimia nervosa and recovery rate

A

75% prognosis

26
Q

side effects of bulimia nervosa

A

erosion of dental enamel
electrolyte imbalance
kidney failure
cardia arrhythmia
seizures
intestinal problems
colon damage

27
Q

binge eating disorder - DSM criteria

A

recurrent and persistent episodes of binge eating
marked distress regarding binge eating
absence of compensatory behaviours

28
Q

criteria - 3 feelings which are associated with binge eating episodes

A

eating much more rapidly than normal
eating until feeling uncomfortably full
eating large amounts of food when not feeling phsyically hungry
eating alone due to being embarassed about amount of food eaten
feeling disgusted with self, depressed, guilty after overeating

29
Q

prevalence of binge eating disorders

A

up to 4.7%

30
Q

binge eating disorder and sex differences

A

somewhat more common in females

31
Q

binge eating disorder and age of onset

A

adolescence

32
Q

binge eating disorder and weight

A

most patients are obese (BMI >30)

33
Q

side effects of binge eating disorder

A

obesity
type 2 diabetes
cardiovascular problems
back pain
joint issues
sleep related breathing issues
anxiety
IBS

34
Q

criticisms of EDs

A

patients thought to be vain
behaviours are thought to be personal choice
irresponsible, lack of self care

35
Q

genetic link for anorexia nervosa

A

28-74% of variance explained

36
Q

first degree relatives relative risk for anorexia

A

11x

37
Q

genetic link with bulimia nervosa

A

54-83%

38
Q

first degree relatives risk for bulimia

A

4.4-9.6x RR

39
Q

shared risk between EDs

A

high risk of anorexia in first degree relatives of bulimia patients
high risk of bulimia in first degree relatives of anorexia

40
Q

brain structure and anorexia nervosa

A

reduced grey matter but effects are mostly reversible
confounded with acute starvation

41
Q

brain structure and binge eating disorder

A

reduced volume in orbitofrontal cortex and caudate
lower volumes in areas linked to failures in goal directed control

42
Q

predisposing cognitive behaviour factors for anorexia

A

negative emotion
perfectionism
drive for thinness
altered interoceptive awareness
obsessive compulsive personality

43
Q

what is altered interoceptive awareness

A

extent to which you can identify the signals in your own body (e.g. hunger)

44
Q

cognitive behavioural factors with altered interoceptive awareness with binge eating and bulimia

A

closely linked to momentary stress, mood
reactionary to natural fluctuations in stress over time
impulsive
stimulus response associations

45
Q

social factors and EDs

A

increased rapidly since the 1970s
cultural shifts in the “weight ideal”

46
Q

cultural comparisons of anorexia nervosa

A

does not always include fear of becoming fat (mostly seen in western cultures)

47
Q

social media and ED behaviours

A

increases in laxative use 3x, vomiting 3x or higher

48
Q

2 tiered approach for anorexia treatment

A

weight restoration
long term maintenance of weight gain

49
Q

weight restoration - anorexia nervosa treatment

A

risk of death first resolved
food is medicine
hospitalisation is common
sometimes feeding tubes

50
Q

long term maintenance of weight gain - anorexia nervosa

A

psychoeducation - understanding not alone, symptoms common, it is a condition
behavioural and cognitive interventions
family based therapy

51
Q

behavioural and cognitive interventions - anorexia nervosa

A

body image
triggers
addressing dietary restraint

52
Q

why does family based therapy work for anorexia nervosa

A

due to extreme independence and intensity of familial interactions contributing to ED

53
Q

maudsley method - anorexia nervosa

A

achieving weight gain under parental direction
parents coached on re-feeding and identifying problem areas (making demands, anger etc)
focus on separating illness and patient - reduces blame and stigma
establish age appropriate independence around food choices and weight

54
Q

effectiveness of family based therapy for anorexia

A

90% of patients symptom free at 5 year followup

55
Q

overall goal of treating bulimia nervosa

A

develop healthy eating patterns

56
Q

psycho-education for treating bulimia nervosa

A

normal weight can be achieved without extreme restriction
having unplanned snack is not catastrophe
unrealistic food restriction can trigger binge
challenge societal standard about ideal weight/shape

57
Q

medication and anorexia

A

antidepressants help with the comorbid depression and anxiety
but no medication helps with dieting and restrictions

58
Q

medication and bulimia and BED

A
  • antidepressants are effective
  • anti-epileptic medication may also be helpful for reducing bingeing and purging (via decreased appetite)

TCD (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions