History Of Pharmacology Flashcards
Pharmacology
Studying effects ofdrugs on function on living systems
Drug
Chemical substance known structure which is administrated to a living organism, produces a biological effect
Medicine
Chemical preparation administrated with intention of producing a therapeutic effect
Will contain the drug
Modern biomed pharmacology
Developed mid 1800s
Chemistry
Physiology
Pathology
Egyptians
EBERS papyrus 1550BC
ancient text of medicine
Greeks
40-90AD
Pedanius Dioscorides
De Materia Medica
Medicines and plants
1st pharmacopeia
Fathers of pharmacology
Rudolph Buccheim
Oswald Schmiedeberg
Rudolph Buccheim
1st professor pharmacology 1847
Drug mode of action
This developed understanding of drugs and doses etc
Experimental pharmacology to investigate
Oswald Schmiedeberg
Buccheim student
Studied chloroform
Published outline of pharamacology
Defined modern pharmacology
Why feel pain
Warns us of actual or potential tissue damage
Encourages us to withdraw. Lib/tissue to aid healing
Protect to aid healing
Learn from experience
Early pain relief
Spiritual
Humoral balance
Humoral balance
4 fluid components:
Blood
Phelgm - water
Yellow bile -liver
Black bile - gall bladder
So primitive and uncontrolled
Opium in early days
Poppy plant
Egypt to Greece to Europe
In ebers papyrus and de material medica
Pain relief, sponging surgical wounds, sleep inducing, euthanasia, soothing crying child, calming disturbed individuals
Non refined extract of poppy plant dissolved in alcohol
Tincture of opium
Isolating morphine
1804 Freidrich Sertumer Germany from tincture
Morphine
Most abundant active component of opium extract
1st isolated active ingredient for any drug
Marketed by serturner 1817 as analgesic and alcohol n opium addiction
Children and soldiers
Intravenous morphine
Using hypodermic needle
Much more potent
Morphine today
Effective painkiller
Intravenous easy and efffects almost instantaneous
Heroin
Semi synthetic
More potent n addictive
Intravenous
Drug targets
Specific of a drug to a target
Receptors
Enzymes
Carrier molecules
Ion channels
Stimulate or inhibit
