History of Land Settlements and Comprehensive Planning (Day 2)

Question 1

The Land Ordinance of 1785 was a land survey that was meant to do what?

Answer 1

Systematically divide and distribute land to the public.

Question 2

In 1862, Congress passed the Homestead Act, which did what for settlers?

Answer 2

Provided them 160 acres of land for $18 with a guarantee of 5 years residence.

Question 3

What was the result of the Homestead Act?

Answer 3

A settlement of 270 million acres or 10% of the land area of the U.S.

Question 4

In 1862, Congress passed the Morrill Act, which did what?

Answer 4

Allowed western states to establish colleges.

Question 5

In 1891, the General Land Law Revision Act was passed by Congress, which did what?

Answer 5

Provided the President of the U.S with the power to create forest preserves by proclamation

Question 6

In 1897, Congress passed the Forest Management Act, which allowed what?

Answer 6

The Secretary of the Interior to manage Forest Preserves

Question 7

In 1902, The US Reclamation Act was passed, which allowed what?

Answer 7

Funds raised from the sale of public land in arid states to be used to construct water storage and irrigation systems.

Question 8

In 1903, President Theodore Roosevelt appointed a Public Land Commission for what?

Answer 8

to propose rules for land development and management.

Question 9

In 1906, the Antiquities Act was the first law to provide what?

Answer 9

Federal protection for archaeological sites and the designation of National monuments

Question 10

In 1935, the Resettlement Administration was formed to carry out experiments in population resettlement and land reform. What was result of these experiments?

Answer 10

Greenbelt towns

Question 11

In 1944, the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act, or GI Bill, guaranteed what to veterans? What was the result of this?

Answer 11

Home loans, resulting in the rapid development of suburbs.

Question 12

What was the major criticism behind the City Beautiful movement?

Answer 12

It failed to address issues like housing, poverty, and transportation efficiency. It did not foresee the impacts of the automobile

Question 13

The Cincinnati Plan was the first ___________

Answer 13

Comp Plan

Question 14

What did the Cincinnati Plan focus on?

Answer 14

Infrastructure projects and called for planning to be controlled by citizen city planning commissions.

Question 15

What was the Regional Plan for NY and its Environs focused on?

Answer 15

Suburban development, highway construction, suburban recreational facilities.

Question 16

Who was involved in the creation of the Regional Plan for NY and and Environs?

Answer 16

Clarence Stein and Lewis Mumford

Question 17

What lead into an increase in comprehensive planning?

Answer 17

After WWII, the rapid development of suburban areas

Question 18

Which act was the largest impetus for comp planning?

Answer 18

The U.S. Housing Act of 1954.

Question 19

The U.S Housing Act of 1954 required cities to do what?

Answer 19

Develop comp plans and provide funding for planning under Section 701

Question 20

What was a major problem with Section 701?

Answer 20

It lead to the creation of plans for the purposes of acquiring federal funding rather than trying to truly plan for communities

Question 21

In the 70s and 80s, comp planning began to shift towards a more _______ focus.

Answer 21

social

Question 22

What were the major concerns in comp planning in the 70s and 80s

Answer 22

Equity, neighborhood preservation, affordable housing, environmental protection, and historic preservation

Question 23

What did the Second Regional Plan of NY and Environs address?

Answer 23

transit and commercial rehabilitation

Question 24

Oregon and Minnesota were the first states to pass laws requiring what?

Answer 24

Comprehensive Planning

Question 25

In 1985, Florida passed a law that required communities to develop what?

Answer 25

Comp Plans.