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HEMA 1: LEC > History > Flashcards

History Flashcards

1
Q

HISTORY OF CLINICAL HEMATOLOGY

A

Athanasius Kircher (1657)
Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1647)
Giulio Bizzozero (late 1800s)
James Homer Wright (1902)

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2
Q

1646: using a microscope: plague victims

A

Athanasius Kircher

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3
Q

1658: Scrutinium Pestis; “little worms” or “animalcules” in the blood

A

Athanasius Kircher

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4
Q

Proposed hygienic measures: isolation, quarantine, burning clothes worn by infected and wearing facemasks

A

Anathasius Kircher

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5
Q

Known for his groundbreaking work in microscopy.

Observed and describe RBCs under a microscope.

A

ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK (1674):

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6
Q

FATHER OF MICROBIOLOGY

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

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7
Q

Italian physician and pathologist

A

GIULIO BIZZOZERO (Late 1800s):

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8
Q

Described PLATELETS as “PETITES PLAQUES”

A

Giulio Bizzozero

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9
Q

His work laid the foundation for understanding of platelet function in hemostasis.

A

Giulio Bizzozero

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10
Q

Known for his contributions to BLOOD CELL STAINING TECHNIQUES

A

JAMES HOMER WRIGHT (1902):

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11
Q

James Homer Weight is a

A

A Pathologist and hematologist

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12
Q

Developed the WRIGHT STAIN

Type of stain?

A

Romanowsky-type stain
Polychromatic stain

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13
Q

Romanowsky-type stain is a mixture of…? Its purpose?

A

Mixture of acid and basic dyes
Allowed for better visualization and differentiation

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14
Q

His work significantly improved the accuracy if blood cell morphology analysis.

A

James Homer Wright

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15
Q

= BLOOD
= “THE STUDY OF”

A

HAIMO

LOGIA

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16
Q

BLOOD:
Is a specialized body fluid

4 main components:

A

PLASMA, RBC, WBC, PLATELETS

17
Q

CHARACTERISTIC OF BLOOD
-color
-consistency
-pH
- SG
-percent of total body weight
-TV: male
-TV: female

A

Fluid (in vivo) red in color

Thick and viscous

Slightly alkaline (pH 7.35- 7.45)

SG: 1.045-1.065

7-8% of the total body weight

Total Volume: (M: 5-6 L; F: 4-5L)

18
Q

5 functions of blood

A

FUNCTIONS:
Transporting oxygen and nutrients to the lungs and tissues

Forming blood clots to prevent excess blood loss

Carrying cells and antibodies that fight infection

Bringing waste products to the kidney and liver

Regulating body temperature

19
Q

Plasma%

Its components

A

Plasma (55%)

Water (91.5%)

Proteins (7%)

Others (1.5%)
Electrolytes
NPN (Non Protein Nitrogen)
Hormones and Enzymes
Food Materials

20
Q

RBC
_____of blood volume
____________ normal RBC count

A

45%

4.5 - 6.5 x 10^12/L

21
Q

WBC
____________ normal

A

4 - 11 X10^9/L

22
Q

AGRANULOCYTES

A

Monocytes (3 -5 %)
Lymphocytes (20 - 25%)

23
Q

GRANULOCYTES (0.5 - 1%)

A

Basophils (0.5 - 1%)
Eosinophils (2 - 4%)
Neutrophils (60 - 70%)

24
Q

PLATELETS
_____________

A

150 - 450 X10^9/L

25
Q

COMMON HEMATOLOGY TEST
COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT (CBC), which includes:

A

White Blood Cell count (WBC)
Red Blood Cell count (RBC)
Platelet Count
Hematocrit Red Blood Cell Volume (HCT)
Hemoglobin concentration (HB)
Differential White Blood Count
Red Blood Cell Indices (measurements)

26
Q

Giulio Bizzozero

Discovered what?

A

Discovered:
H. pylori
Function of platelets

27
Q

Pathology Laboratory at the Massachusetts General Hospital
1902 modification of Romanowsky stain
Megakaryocyte origin of platelets

A

James Homer Wright

28
Q

Nutritive fluid

Participates in the physiologic and pathologic activities of the body

A

Blood

29
Q

Functions of Blood: 6

A

-> Respiration
-> Nutrition
-> Excretion
- Homeostasis
- Body protection
-> Transport

30
Q

SERVICES OFFERED BY HEMA AND HEMOSTASIS LAB

A

Specimen collection and Preparation for exam

Quantitative manual and Instrumental Measurements of Cells

Measurements of Cell Volumes

Evaluation of Cellular Content and Components

Cellular Identification

Identification of reactive or neoplastic alterations of cell populations

Evaluation of leukocytes, erythrocytes and platelet function

Evaluation of cellular development and formation (BM)

Evaluation of hemostatic function

31
Q

German jesuit scholar
Physician and polymath

A

Athanasius Kircher

32
Q

Various aspects of the natural world

A

Athanasius Kircher

33
Q

Observed and described RBCs under a microscope

A

Anton van Leeuwenhoek

HEMA 1: LEC (12 decks)

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