Historical Milestones (Exam 1) Flashcards
Founder of microbiology.
Antoine Van Leeuwenhoek
First major opponent to “spontaneous generation” theory.
Lazzaro Spallanzani
First proponent of “wash your hands”
Ignaz Semmelweis
Founder of “antiseptic surgery”
Joseph Lister
Produced first attenuated vaccines.
Louis Pasteur
Identified causative agent of anthrax and tuberculosis.
Robert Koch
Two scientists associated with early years of Bureau of Animal Industry.
Daniel Salmon
Theobald Smith
Founder of modern chemotherapy.
Paul Ehrlich
Discovered penicillin.
Alexander Fleming
Developed production methods for penicillin.
E.B. Chain
Discovered first broad-spectrum antibiotic.
B.M. Duggar
What was the first broad-spectrum antibiotic?
chlortetracycline
What bacterium was the source of the chlortetracycline, the first broad-spectrum antibiotic?
Streptomyces aureofaciens
What 4 scientists were responsible for the double helix structure of DNA?
Franklin
Watson
Crick
Wilkins
What are the 4 parts of Koch’s postulates?
- association
- isolation
- reproduction
- re-isolation
List 3 problems with Koch’s postulates.
- cannot grow all bacteria in pure culture
- some bacteria obligate intracellular
- no available animal model
Robert Koch developed ______, pure culture, and Koch’s postulates.
agar
Alexander Fleming observed inhibition of ________ on bacteria.
fungus
Koch’s postulates are the criteria to establish cause and effect between _______ and _______.
microbe
disease
Term for treatment using drugs to kill or stop microbes.
chemotherapy
Invertebrate which can act as a vector for many diseases.
arthropod
