HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

Question 1

This improved preservative solution was introduced by Gibson.

Answer 1

citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD​)

Question 2

causes agglutination by adjusting zeta potential between RBCs

Answer 2

22% albumin

Question 3

Braxton Hicks​ recommended ​

Answer 3

1869 - sodium phosphate

Question 4

discovered the ​ABO blood groups and explained the serious reactions that occur in humans as a result of incompatible transfusions

Answer 4

1901 - Karl Landsteiner

Question 5

carried out vein to vein transfusion of blood by using multiple syringes and a special cannula for puncturing the vein through the skin

Answer 5

Edward E. Lindemann

Question 6

designed his syringe valve apparatus that transfusions from donor to patient by an ​unassisted physician became practical

Answer 6

Unger

Question 7

reported the use of ​sodium citrate as an anticoagulant solution for transfusions

Answer 7

1914 - Hustin

Question 8

determined the ​minimum amount of citrate needed for anticoagulation and demonstrated its nontoxicity in small amounts

Answer 8

1915 - Lewisohn

Question 9

introduced a ​citrate dextrose solution for the preservation of blood

Answer 9

1916 - Rous and Turner

Question 10

Function of glucose in RBC metabolism was established

Answer 10

1930

Question 11

appointed ​director of the first American Red Cross blood bank at Presbyterian Hospital

Answer 11

February 1941 - Dr. Charles Drew

Question 12

pioneered the establishment of blood banks.

Answer 12

Dr. Charles Drew

Question 13

introduced the formula for the preservative​ ​acid citrate dextrose (ACD)

Answer 13

1943 - Loutit and Mollison​

Question 14

introduced an improved preservative solution called​ ​citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD)

Answer 14

1957 - Gibson

Question 15

First successful ​animal to animal ​transfusion using dogs

Answer 15

1666 - Richard Lower

Question 16

First blood transfusion

Answer 16

1492

Question 17

First anticoagulant, year, and who created it

Answer 17

1869 - sodium phosphate by Braxton hicks

Question 18

Second anticoagulant produced:

Answer 18

1915 - sodium citrate by Hustin

Question 19

Adjusted the ratio of dose of sodium citrate

Answer 19

1915 - Lewisohn

Question 20

First blood preservation discovered

Answer 20

1916 - citrate dextrose solution by Rous and Turner

Question 21

Second blood preservation

Answer 21

1943 - Acid Citrate Dextrose by Luotit & Molleson

Question 22

Now used preservative solution

Answer 22

1957 - citrate phosphate dextrose by Gibson