Histology/Skin Structure Flashcards
name the five layers of the epidermis
corneum lucidum granulosum spinosum basale
what are the two layers of the dermis
reticular and papillary
name the four cells in the epidermis
keratinocytes
melanocytes
langerhans
merkel cells
name the two types of connections used by keratinocytes in the basale
desmosome and hemidesmosome
what are the four layers in thin skin epidermis?
all except the lucidum
what layer of epidermis has melanocytes?
in the stratum basale
what layer of epidermis has langerhans cells?
in the stratum spinosum
how can you pick out langerhans cells on histo?
pale cells in the spinosum layer that have comma like processes
what do langerhans cells have in them?
birbeck granules
what type of cell is a langerhan cells?
dendritic APC cells
what layer are merkel cells in? what is their function?
basale
sensory mechanoreceptors
what do keratinocytes in the stratum spinosum have? what does this lead to?
membrane coating granules that release lipids to help skin be impermeable
what do keratinocytes in the granulosum have? what does it help with?
keratohyaline granules that help bind the keratinocytes together
what two locations have thick skin?p
palms and soles
what type of collagen is in the dermis?
mainly type 1
name the sweat gland types
sebaceous
apocrine
eccrine
what type of structure is a eccrine sweat gland?
simple coiled tubular
name the three cells of eccrine sweat glands
dark
clear
myoepithelial
what do dark cells of eccrine glands release?
mucinogen rich granules
what do clear cells in eccrine sweat glands release?
watery electrolyte rich material
what is function of myoepithelial cells?
to contract and help release of glands
what is role of apocrine sweat gland? where are they located?
large specialized glands..in axilla and perianal regions
what do sebaceous glands secrete?
oily secretion
where are sebaceous glands located?
next to necks of hair follicles and release ther
what is the structure of sebaceous glands?
branched acinar glands with lobular appearance
name the three gland secretion mechansims
holocrine
apocrine
merocrine
what is holocrine secretion? which gland does this?
release of entire cell..done by sebaceous glands
what is merocrine secretion? which gland does this?
exocytosis…done by eccrine glands
what is apocrine secretion? which gland does this?
release part of apical cytoplasm…done by apocrine glands
what is the muscle that causes chill bumps?
arrector pili muscle
name the two corpuscles in the skin to know
meissners and pacinian
what is the role of the meissners corpuscle
fine touch perception
where is meissners corpuscle located in skin layers?
dermal papillae of thick skin, eyelids lips nipples
what are dermal papillae?
the tall branches that overlap with the epidermal pouches
what is the function of the pacinian corpuscle?
perceive pressure touch and vibrations
where are pacinian corpusles located in the skin layers?
dermis and hypodermis
what is an important protein in the granular layer of the epidermis? what is its role?
filaggrin..retains water in keratinocytes
name the two cells in the dermis layer
mast cells and fibroblasts
what cell in the dermis is in charge of immediate type hypersensitivity reactions?
mast cells
what cell in the epidermis is in charge of rashes from poison ivy?
langerhans or APCs
what makes up the subcutis layer?
FAT
