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Derm > Histology/Skin Structure > Flashcards

Histology/Skin Structure Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

name the five layers of the epidermis

A 
corneum
lucidum
granulosum
spinosum
basale
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2
Q

what are the two layers of the dermis

A

reticular and papillary

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3
Q

name the four cells in the epidermis

A

keratinocytes
melanocytes
langerhans
merkel cells

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4
Q

name the two types of connections used by keratinocytes in the basale

A

desmosome and hemidesmosome

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5
Q

what are the four layers in thin skin epidermis?

A

all except the lucidum

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6
Q

what layer of epidermis has melanocytes?

A

in the stratum basale

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7
Q

what layer of epidermis has langerhans cells?

A

in the stratum spinosum

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8
Q

how can you pick out langerhans cells on histo?

A

pale cells in the spinosum layer that have comma like processes

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9
Q

what do langerhans cells have in them?

A

birbeck granules

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10
Q

what type of cell is a langerhan cells?

A

dendritic APC cells

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11
Q

what layer are merkel cells in? what is their function?

A

basale

sensory mechanoreceptors

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12
Q

what do keratinocytes in the stratum spinosum have? what does this lead to?

A

membrane coating granules that release lipids to help skin be impermeable

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13
Q

what do keratinocytes in the granulosum have? what does it help with?

A

keratohyaline granules that help bind the keratinocytes together

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14
Q

what two locations have thick skin?p

A

palms and soles

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15
Q

what type of collagen is in the dermis?

A

mainly type 1

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16
Q

name the sweat gland types

A

sebaceous
apocrine
eccrine

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17
Q

what type of structure is a eccrine sweat gland?

A

simple coiled tubular

18
Q

name the three cells of eccrine sweat glands

A

dark
clear
myoepithelial

19
Q

what do dark cells of eccrine glands release?

A

mucinogen rich granules

20
Q

what do clear cells in eccrine sweat glands release?

A

watery electrolyte rich material

21
Q

what is function of myoepithelial cells?

A

to contract and help release of glands

22
Q

what is role of apocrine sweat gland? where are they located?

A

large specialized glands..in axilla and perianal regions

23
Q

what do sebaceous glands secrete?

A

oily secretion

24
Q

where are sebaceous glands located?

A

next to necks of hair follicles and release ther

25
Q

what is the structure of sebaceous glands?

A

branched acinar glands with lobular appearance

26
Q

name the three gland secretion mechansims

A

holocrine
apocrine
merocrine

27
Q

what is holocrine secretion? which gland does this?

A

release of entire cell..done by sebaceous glands

28
Q

what is merocrine secretion? which gland does this?

A

exocytosis…done by eccrine glands

29
Q

what is apocrine secretion? which gland does this?

A

release part of apical cytoplasm…done by apocrine glands

30
Q

what is the muscle that causes chill bumps?

A

arrector pili muscle

31
Q

name the two corpuscles in the skin to know

A

meissners and pacinian

32
Q

what is the role of the meissners corpuscle

A

fine touch perception

33
Q

where is meissners corpuscle located in skin layers?

A

dermal papillae of thick skin, eyelids lips nipples

34
Q

what are dermal papillae?

A

the tall branches that overlap with the epidermal pouches

35
Q

what is the function of the pacinian corpuscle?

A

perceive pressure touch and vibrations

36
Q

where are pacinian corpusles located in the skin layers?

A

dermis and hypodermis

37
Q

what is an important protein in the granular layer of the epidermis? what is its role?

A

filaggrin..retains water in keratinocytes

38
Q

name the two cells in the dermis layer

A

mast cells and fibroblasts

39
Q

what cell in the dermis is in charge of immediate type hypersensitivity reactions?

A

mast cells

40
Q

what cell in the epidermis is in charge of rashes from poison ivy?

A

langerhans or APCs

41
Q

what makes up the subcutis layer?

A

FAT

Derm (22 decks)

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