Carcinomas Flashcards
where does SCC most commonly appear
head neck and forearms…sun exposed sites
what cell does SCC arise from?
keratinocyte
what is a common mutation in SCC?
p53
what is a chemical exposure that leads to risk for SCC?
arsenic
is SCC exo or endophytic?
exophytic
is SCC thick/firm or soft?
firm
what do SCCs commonly do when irritated?
bleed…called being friable
what color is SCC?
pink/red or skin colored
what is SCC in situ?
when SCC is only in the epidermis
when does SCC in situ become invasive SCC?
when it gets into the dermis
name four locations that are worse to get SCC
scalp ears nose and lips
describe the appearance of actinic keratosis
rough scaly think redish pink plaques
what are actinic keratoses?
premalignant plaques that can lead to SCC
/what mutation is common in actinic keratosis
p53
what gives high risk for actinic keratosis?
lots of sun exposure…UV induced mutation
name four signs of sun damaged skin
atrophy and hypertrophy telangiectasias wrinkles prematurely age skin depig and hyperpigmentation
what is actinic purpura?
easy bruising from extravasated erythrocytes and increased perivascular inflammation
what is actinic cheilosis?
actinic keratosis on the lips
how do actinic cheilosis present?
constant dried or ulcerated lips (chapped)
a rough gritty scale on the lips
what is localized therapy for actinic keratosis?
liquid nitrogen
what is field therapy for actinic keratosis? what does field therapy mean?
field therapy is treating multiple lesions in one area…can use topical 5 fluorouracil or imiquimod creams
what is the most common skin cancer?
BCC
what is mutation in BCC?
PTCH (tumor suppressor gene)
what is the most common type of BCC?
nodular BCC
how does nodular BCC look?
pearly papule or nodule with telangiectasias
name the five types of BCC
nodular pigmented superficial ulcerated morpheaform
what appearance does morpheaform BCC have?
looks like a scar
what does a superficial BCC look like?
patch or thin plaque with pink color with telangiectasias
what are surgical treatment options for BCC?
curette and desiccation
cryosurgery
excision
Mohs
what are non surgical treatments for BCC?
imiquimod cream
5 fluorouracil
what is Mohs surgery?
horizontal slicing down of skin with progressive histo eval to determine where and how far down to keep slicing
which of SCC or BCC is more commonly metastatic?
SCC has low risk…BCC almost no risk
