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Derm > Carcinomas > Flashcards

Carcinomas Flashcards

1
Q

where does SCC most commonly appear

A

head neck and forearms…sun exposed sites

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2
Q

what cell does SCC arise from?

A

keratinocyte

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3
Q

what is a common mutation in SCC?

A

p53

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4
Q

what is a chemical exposure that leads to risk for SCC?

A

arsenic

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5
Q

is SCC exo or endophytic?

A

exophytic

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6
Q

is SCC thick/firm or soft?

A

firm

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7
Q

what do SCCs commonly do when irritated?

A

bleed…called being friable

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8
Q

what color is SCC?

A

pink/red or skin colored

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9
Q

what is SCC in situ?

A

when SCC is only in the epidermis

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10
Q

when does SCC in situ become invasive SCC?

A

when it gets into the dermis

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11
Q

name four locations that are worse to get SCC

A

scalp ears nose and lips

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12
Q

describe the appearance of actinic keratosis

A

rough scaly think redish pink plaques

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13
Q

what are actinic keratoses?

A

premalignant plaques that can lead to SCC

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14
Q

/what mutation is common in actinic keratosis

A

p53

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15
Q

what gives high risk for actinic keratosis?

A

lots of sun exposure…UV induced mutation

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16
Q

name four signs of sun damaged skin

A 
atrophy and hypertrophy
telangiectasias
wrinkles
prematurely age skin
depig and hyperpigmentation
17
Q

what is actinic purpura?

A

easy bruising from extravasated erythrocytes and increased perivascular inflammation

18
Q

what is actinic cheilosis?

A

actinic keratosis on the lips

19
Q

how do actinic cheilosis present?

A

constant dried or ulcerated lips (chapped)

a rough gritty scale on the lips

20
Q

what is localized therapy for actinic keratosis?

A

liquid nitrogen

21
Q

what is field therapy for actinic keratosis? what does field therapy mean?

A

field therapy is treating multiple lesions in one area…can use topical 5 fluorouracil or imiquimod creams

22
Q

what is the most common skin cancer?

A

BCC

23
Q

what is mutation in BCC?

A

PTCH (tumor suppressor gene)

24
Q

what is the most common type of BCC?

A

nodular BCC

25
Q

how does nodular BCC look?

A

pearly papule or nodule with telangiectasias

26
Q

name the five types of BCC

A 
nodular
pigmented
superficial
ulcerated
morpheaform
27
Q

what appearance does morpheaform BCC have?

A

looks like a scar

28
Q

what does a superficial BCC look like?

A

patch or thin plaque with pink color with telangiectasias

29
Q

what are surgical treatment options for BCC?

A

curette and desiccation
cryosurgery
excision
Mohs

30
Q

what are non surgical treatments for BCC?

A

imiquimod cream

5 fluorouracil

31
Q

what is Mohs surgery?

A

horizontal slicing down of skin with progressive histo eval to determine where and how far down to keep slicing

32
Q

which of SCC or BCC is more commonly metastatic?

A

SCC has low risk…BCC almost no risk

Derm (22 decks)

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