Histology of the male reproductive system Flashcards
The tunica albuginea is made up of which type of tissue?
Dense connective tissue
What is the inner part of the tunica albuginea called?
Tunica vasculosa
Tunica vasculosa is made up of which type of tissue?
Loose connective tissue
Each testis is divided into approximately how many lobules?
250
Each lobule of the testis consists of how many seminiferous tubules?
One to four
What are the two basic cell populations found in te seminiferous tubules?
Sertoli cells and spermatogenic cells
Which cells of the testes replicate and become mature sperm?
Spermatogenic cells
Which cells give the seminiferous tubules structural organization?
Sertoli cells
Which are the most immature spermatogenic cells?
Spermatogonia
Which are the most mature spermatogenic cells?
Spermatids
Tunica (lamina) propria or peritubular tissue is a multilayered connective tissue that lacks what?
Fibroblasts
Instead of fibroblasts, which cells are found in the tunica propria?
Myoid cells (peritubular contractile cells)
What type of fibers are in the tunica propria?
Collagen
The tunica propria (thickens/thins) as men age.
Thickens
Where are Leydig cells located?
In the connective tissue stroma of the testis
What is the function of Leydig cells?
Secretion of testoterone
What is spermatogenesis?
The process by which spermatogonia develop into sperm
What are the three distinct phases of spermatogenesis?
Spermatogonial phase, spermatocyte phase, spermatid phase
Which phase of spermatogenesis involves only mitosis?
Spermatogonial phase
Which phase of spermatogenesis involves two meiotic divisions?
Spermatocyte phase
Which phase of spermatogenesis involves differentiation of spermatids into mature cells?
Spermatid phase (spermiogenesis)
What are the three classifications of spermatogonia based on appearance of nuclei in routine histologic preparations?
Type A dark (Ad)
Type A pale (Ap)
Type B
Which type of spermatogonia is committed to the differentiation process that produces sperm?
Ap spermatogonia
Which type of spermatogonia produces either Ad or Ap spermatogonia?
Ad spermatogonia
Which type of spermatogonia represent the last event in the spermatogonial stage?
B spermatogonia
The mitotic division of which type of spermatogonia produces primary spermatocytes?
B spermatogonia
What is the chromosomal number of each primary spermatocyte?
2n
What is the amount of DNA in each primary spermatocyte?
4d
What is the chromosomal number of secondary spermatocytes?
n
What is the amount of DNA in secondary spermatocytes?
2d
What is the chromosomal number of spermatids?
n
What is the amount of DNA of spermatids?
d
Spermatids multiply by mitosis. T/F
F
Spermatids differentiate into sperm. They result from meiosis of secondary spermatocyte.
The phases of spermiogenesis occur while the spermatid is attached to the Sertoli cell plasma membrane. T/F
T
What are the four phases of spermiogenesis?
Golgi phase, Cap phase, Acrosome phase, Maturation phase
How long does spermatogenesis take?
Approximately 74 days
Sertoli cells are (squamous, cuboidal, coulmnar).
Columnar
The efferent ductules are lined with which type of tissue?
Pseudostratifiesd comulnar epithelium
The ductus deferens is lined with which type of tissue?
Pseudostratified comulnar epithelium
The storage site of spermatozoa is located in which structure A. seminal vesicles B. ductus efferentes C. epididymis D. prostate
C
Structures known for their scalloped appearance histologically?
-ductuli efferentes
How are spermatogonia type-B cells different from other spermatogonia?
-They undergo meiosis
What are the basal lamina cells called?
A. Leydig
B. Sertoli
C. Spermatozoa
D. Spermatid
B
In which of the ff. segments does sperm maturation occur?
A. Vas deferens
B. Head of epididymis
C. Corpus of epididymis
D. Seminiferous tubule
C
The prostate produces the following seminal fluid vesicle components:
A. Corpora amylacea
B. Flavins
C. Citrate
D. Fructose
C
Which feature helps you to differentiate spermatogonia from the rest of the seminiferous cells?
A. Dome-shaped cells
B. Nearer in lumen
C. Condensed chromatins
D. Notched, irregular nucleus
A
Which of the following is lined by small Sertoli cells? A. Vas deferens B. Tubuli recti C. Prostate D. Seminal vesicle
B
What is the predominant estrogen receptor in males? A. ER- B. ER-β C. Estrogen Tyrosine Kinase D. SRC
B
Aside from Leydig cells,which of the following cells most likely contribute to the increased levels of estrogen from the rete testis and caput of the epididymis?
A. Sertoli cells
B. Rete testis columnar epithelial cells
C. Epididymal pseudostratified columnar epithelial cells (di sure)
D. Spermatids
C
