Anatomy of the female reproductive system Flashcards
Each ovary is suspended by a short perotoneal fold or mesentery which is called what?
Mesovarium
The mesovarium is a subdivision of which larger mesentery?
Broad ligament
A smooth layer of ovarian mesothelium covers the ovary when?
Prepuberty
After puberty, what happens to the smooth ovarian mesothelium?
It becomes scarred and distorted.
Why does the ovarian mesothelium change in appearance after puberty?
Beacause of the repeated rupture of of ovarian follicles and discharge of oocytes during ovulation
What is the single layer of cuboidal cells that cover the surface of the ovarian surface, giving it a dull, grayish appearance In contrast with the shiny surface of the adjacent mesovarium before puberty?
Ovarian mesothelium
Ovarian vessels, lymphatics and nerve cells cross the pelvic brim within which peritoneal fold?
Suspensory ligament of the ovary
What structure tethers the ovary to the uterus?
Ovarian ligament
The oocyte passes through the ovarian ligament into the uterus to get into the uterine tubes. T/F
F
It passes into the peritoneal cavity and sticks to the fimbriae of the infundibulum of the uterine tube to enter the uterus
The mesentery of the uterine tubes is called whar?
Mesosalpinx
What are the four parts of the uterine tubes, from lateral to medial?
Infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, uterine part
What is the thick-walled part of the uterine tube which enters the uterine horn?
Isthmus
What is the short intramural segment of the uterine tube that passes through the wall of the uterus and opens via the uterine ostium into the uterine cavity?
Uterinr part of the uterine tube
What is the funnel-shaped distal end of the uterine tube which opens into the peritoneal cavity?
Infundibulum
What is the widest and longest part of the tube?
Ampulla
The infundibulum opens into the peritoneal cavity through which opening?
Abdominal ostium
What are the the fiunger-like processes of the distal end of the infundibulum?
Fimbriae
One large ovarian fimbria is attached to which part of the ovary?
Superior pole
Fertilizatiin occurs in which part of the uterine tube?
Ampulla
What is the common orientation of the adult uterus?
Anteverted and ateflexed
The uterus is divided into which two main parts?
Body and cervix
The body of thr uterus is demarcated from the cervix by which part?
Isthmus of the uterus
The body of the uterus is (two-thirds/one-third) of the uterus; the cervix is (two-thirds/one-third)
Two-thirds, one-third
The vaginal part of the cervix surrounds which structure?
External os
Which recess surround the vaginal part of the cervix?
Vaginal fornix
What are the three layers of the uterine wall?
Perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium
Which is the outermost layer of the uterus?
Perimetrium
Which is the smooth muscle layer of the uterus?
Myometrium
When is the myometrium most distended?
During pregnancy
Which is the mucous coat of the uterus?
Endometrium
The main branches of the blood vessels and nerves of the uterus are located in which layer of the ?
Myometrium
Which layer of the uterus is actively involved in the menstrual cycle?
Endometrium
If conception occurs, in which layer of the uterus is the blastocyst implanted?
Endometrium
If conceptioin does not occur, which layer of the uterus is shed?
Endometrium
The cervix is composed mostly of which type of CT fibers?
Collagen
The broad ligament of the uterus is composed of which three layers?
Mesovarium, mesometrium, mesosalpinx
The mesovarium is the mesentery of which structure?
Ovary
The mesometrium is the mesentery of which structure?
Uterus
The mesosalpinx is the mesentery of which structure?
Uterine tubes
Which structure provides the dynamic support of the uterus?
Pelvic diaphragm
Which structure provides the passive support of the uterus?
It’s antrverted and anteflexed position
Which part of the uterus is the least mobile?
Cervix
Which four muscles compress the vagina and act as sphincters?
Pubovaginalis, external urethral sphincter, urethrovaginal sphincter, bulbospongiosus
The female external genitalia is collectively called what?
Vulva
What is the rounded prominence over the pubic symphysis formed by subcutaneous adipose tissue?
Mons pubis
What are the two large longitudinal folds of skin, homologous to the scrotum?
Labia majora
What are the paired, hairless folds of the skin that border the vestibule and are homologous to the skin of the penis?
Labia minora
What is the erectile structure that homologous to the penis?
Clitoris
What are the two small erectile bodies of the clitoris?
Corpora cavernosa
What is the skin over the clitoris that forms the prepuce of the clitoris?
Glans clitoris
Which of the following is true of the corpus luteum?
A. Can occupy the whole ovary during pregnancy
B. Granular lutein cell located in the periphery is deeply staining
C. It is the remnant of an atretic follicle
D. It is an important in the regulation of endometrial growth during menstruation
B
What part of the fallopian tube is the foldings intricate?
A. Cornual
B. Isthmus
C. Ampulla
D. Uterine
C
Which if the following is a sign of ovulation?
A. Zona pellucida
B. Macula pellucida
C. Macula densa
D. Zona densa
B
What is characteristic of the secondary follicle?
A. Organelles are clumped adjacent to one pole
B. Theca follicular cells begin to form
C. Secondary oocyte suspended in cumulus oophorus
D. Formation of antrum
D
Acidi pH of the vagina is due to:
A. Lactic acid secretion of the vaginal glands
B. Accumulation of citric acid
C. Carbonic acid secretion of vaginal epithelium
D. Bacterial metabolism of glycogen secreted by epithelium
D
