Fertilization Flashcards
What is the process by which male and female gametes fuse?
Fertilization
Where does fertilization normally occur?
Ampulla of the uterine tube
What is capacitation?
A period of conditioning in the female reproductive tract in which the sperm is enabled to fertilize the egg
Where does capacitation occur?
In the uterine tubes
What is the importance of capacitation?
Only capacitated sperm can pass through the
corona cells and undergo the acrosome reaction.
What are the phases of fertilization?
Phase 1:Penetration of the corona radiata
Phase 2: penetration of the zona pellucida
Phase 3: fusion of the oocyte and sperm cell
membranes
The plasma membrane of the sperm is left behind when the sperm enters the oocyte. T/F
T
What are the three ways that the egg responds when the sperm enters it?
Cortical and zona reactions, resumption of secondary meiotic division, metabolic activation of egg
What happens to the zona pellucida when the sperm enters the egg?
It alters its composition and structure to prevent binding of additional sperm
How does the egg prevent polyspermy?
The oocyte membrane becomes impenetrable to other sperm, and the zona pellucida alters its composition and structure
Blastocyst needs to lose this structure
a. Corona radiata
b. zona pellucida
c. corona radiate
d. cumulus oophorus
B
An ectopic pregnancy can be ruled out by the presence of
a. Elevated hCG levels in the blood
b. Gestational sac
B
Protein important during phase 3 of fertilization
a. Egg Integrin
b. Sperm Disintegrin
c. Alpha Fertilin
d. AOTA
D
Invading blastocyst starts to penetrate the endometrium because of the
a. Chorionic Plate
b. Syncytiotrophoblast
c. Cytotrophoblast
d. Extraembryonic mesoderm
B
Implantation is completed when it has invaded
a. Endometrium
b. Inner third of myometrium
c. Maternal blood vessels
d. AOTA
D
In which of these methods does fertilization occur in the ampulla?
a. IVF
b. Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection
c. GIFT
d. Vitrification
C
The blastocyst has to lose this structure for implantation to occur
Zona pellucida
What event confers to the sperm the ability to fertilize the egg?
Capacitation
An ectopic pregnancy can be ruled out by seeing this structure in the ultrasound
A. fetal heartbeat
B. fetal pole
C. yolk sac
D. gestational sac
D
Definitive oocyte with its haploid number is formed after when?
A. extrusion of secondary polar body
B. ovulation
C. after ovum picked up by fimbria
D. fertilization
B
With healthy viable sperms, what process must take place before fertilization?
A. Spermiogenesis
B. Spermacytogenesis
C. Capacitation
D. Meiosis II
C
Completion of meiosis I
a. Ovulation
b. fertilization
c. Follicular phase
d. Cleavage
A
Which of the following events occur after fertilization?
A. Continuation of activity of the corpus luteum
B. Formation of corpus albicans
C. ischemia of secretory endothelium
D. Estrogen and progesterone levels decrease
A
Which is not a function of the zona pellucida?
A. Prevents implantation
B. Prevents the attack of the mother’s antibodies
C. Barrier against polyspermy
D. Keeps cells together
D
Which of the following is needed to be shed off by the blastocyst before implantation can occur? A. Cavity B. Zona pellucida C. Inner cell mass D. Outer cell mass
B
Interferes with implantation by causing local inflammatory reaction in the uterus.
A. Morning after pills
B. IUD
C. Contraceptive pills
D. Condom
B
Fertilization results in the following except:
a. determination of chrosomal sex of embryo b. restoration of diploid number of chromosomes c. metabolic activation of egg d. variation of species
D
Implantation is completed when the blastocyst has invaded the following except?
a. endometrium
b. inner third of the myometrium
c. uterine vasculature
d. outer third of myometrium
D
