Fetal physiology Flashcards
Fetal growth of 200-300 g/week
a. 3rd month
b. 2nd month
c. 5th month
d. last 4 weeks
D
Estimation of gestation age during the 7th to 14th weeks is done using
a. CRL
b. CHL
c. BPL
d. FL
A
Fetal length at 16 weeks
a. ½ CRL
b. 1/3 CRL
c. ½ CHL
d. ¼ CHL
B
Period of rapid brain development
a. 4th month
b. 5th month
c. 7th month
d. 8th month
C
Prenatal growth is mainly influenced
a. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF
b. Growth Hormone (GH)
c. Both A and B
d. Neither A nor B
C
Half of birth length
A. 12 weeks B. 20 weeks C. 24 weeks D. 28 weeks E. 32 weeks
B
Bone marrow site of erythropoiesis
A. 12 weeks B. 20 weeks C. 24 weeks D. 28 weeks E. 32 weeks
D
Lung surfactant (C)
A. 12 weeks B. 20 weeks C. 24 weeks D. 28 weeks E. 32 weeks
C
Quickening
A. 12 weeks B. 20 weeks C. 24 weeks D. 28 weeks E. 32 weeks
B
Human looking face
A. 12 weeks B. 20 weeks C. 24 weeks D. 28 weeks E. 32 weeks
A
Neonates source of fuel for energy
a. Oxygen
b. Glucose
c. Both
d. Neither
*
True of properly timed cord clamping
a. Has a significant impact of post-partum hemorrhage
b. Clamp and Cut within 1-3 seconds
c. Minimizes transfusion of blood
d. Prevents intraventricular hemorrhage among preterm infants
D
True about Barker’s Hypothesis
a. Low birth weight would increase the incidence of adult onset diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and cancer
b.
c. Increased maternal cortisol increases the risk for adult-onset hypertension
C
True of Neonatal resuscitation
a. Consists of series of interventions
b. Ensure smooth transition from uterus designed to provide adequate ventilation, oxygenation, and cardiac outputto an extrauterine environment
c. Resuscitation of depressed infants in the first few minutes of life may affect the quality of person’s life
d. AOTA
D
ABCs of resuscitation
a. Airway, bag +mask, circulation
b. Airway, breathing, chest compression
c. Airway, bag + mask, chest
d. Airway, breathing, circulation compression
D
True of Thermoregulation
a. Accomplish prior to resuscitation
b.
c. Pre heated radiant warmer
d. AOTA
D
Initial assessment of neonate includes:
a. Determining if amniotic fluid is meconium stained
b. Determining if infant is breathing or
c. Determining if infant is of timely
d. AOTA
crying
gestation
D
What does “Ventilation” is the key” mean?
a. The need to bag and ventilate all
b.
c. Important that air is breathed into
d.
babies
the baby’s lungs
C
True of Philippine mortality statistics
a. The Philippines is one of 42 countries
b. Reaching the MDG for maternal
c. Lowering maternal mortality means
d. AOTA
that comprise 90% of maternal deaths
mortality means decreasing it to a
ratio by 2015
addressing neonatal mortality
D
Core steps of essential intrapartum & neonatal
care
a. Rapid initial assessment
b. Prevention of hypothermia
c. Assessment of gasping or not breathin
d. Non-separation of baby and mother
prior to completion of first
breastfeeding
D
Fetal growth of 200-300 g/week
a. 3rd month
b. 2nd month
c. 5th month
d. last 4 weeks
D
Estimation of gestation age during the
7th to 14th weeks is done using
a. CRL
b. CHL
c. BPL
d. FL
A
Fetal length at 16 weeks
a. ½ CRL
b. 1/3 CRL
c. ½ CHL
d. ¼ CHL
B
Period of rapid brain development
a. 4th month
b. 5th month
c. 7th month
d. 8th month
C
prenatal growth is mainly influenced
a. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF
b. Growth Hormone (GH)
c. Both A and B
d. Neither A nor B
C
When does the fetus, in utero, gain around 200/300 grams per week?
-Last 4 weeks in utero
The most accurate estimation of gestational age from 7th-14th week is… A. BPD B. CRL C. FL D. CHL
B
The fetal head, at 16 weeks, is as long as… A. 1/2 CRL B. 1/3 CRL C. 1/4 CHL D. 1/2 CHL
B
Prenatal growth, or growth in utero, is mainly dependent on… A. IGF B. Growth Hormone C. Both D. Neither
A
Elevated estrogen levels can indicate… A. Fetal anencephaly B. Fetal adrenal hypoplasia C. Fetal demise D. Fetal erythroblastosis
D
This hormone is found in cytotrophoblasts, but not syncytiotrophoblasts…
-GnRH
Which of the following is the precursor of estrogen? A. DHEAS B. DHEA C. Pregnenolone D. LDL Cholesterol
A
The ABCs of fetal resuscitation includes: A. airway management B. initation of breathing C. ensuring adequate circulation D. AOTA
D
Component of essential newborn care A. thorough drying B. early cord clamping C. bathing within 6 hours D. none of the above
A
Synthesized in fetal compartment
A. Alpha-fetoprotein
B. Relaxin
C. Somatostatin
D. Prolactin
A
Prenatal growth is primarily due to: A. GH B. Sex steroids C. IGF D. AOTA
C
Which abnormality is not observed during fetal growth? A. Neural tube defects B. Undescended testis C. MR D. IUGR
A
When is the earliest time (age of gestation) at which an oophorectomy can be safely performed, if the patient has need of it?
8 weeks
What week does quickening happen? A. 8 weeks B. 12 weeks C. 20 weeks D. 32 weeks
C
Essential intrapartum and newborn care protocol includes:
A. Skin-to-skin contact
B. Properly timed cord clamping
C. Non-separation of newborn and mother
D. AOTA
D
Skin-to-skin contact has the ff. effects:
A. Increases the success of breast feeding
B. Stimulates the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue system
C. Protects against hypoglycemia
D. AOTA
A
A patient with missed abortion at 20 weeks AOG is expected to have hCG serum level that is
A. Higher
B. Lower
C. Some as normal
B
Determinants for a good neonatal outcome:
A. Optimal intrauterine environment
B. Uneventful transition from an intrauterine to an extrauterine environment
C. Optimal postpartum course
D. All of the above
D
Important substrates for fetal growth and development:
E. Oxygen
F. Protein
G. Both of the above
H. None of the above
E
True of oxygen margin of safety A. Results to decreased fractional oxygen extraction B. Results in metabolic acidosis C. Neither of the above (di sure) D. Both of the above
C
True of fetal compensation on metabolic processes:
A. Increased glucose uptake, decreased glycogen metabolism
B. Decreased lactate uptake, increased lactate production
C. Both of the above
D. None of the above
B
True of intrauterine growth restriction in the presence of fetal compromise:
A. Decreased protein synthesis causes decreased oxygen consumption by 20%
B. Decreased growth rate causes decreased oxygen consumption and decreased energy efficiency by 20%
C. Metabolic abnormalities
D. None of the above
A
True of behavioral state adaptation during fetal compromise:
A. Increased REM sleep causes decreased cerebral oxygen delivery
B. Increased REM sleep causes decreased fetal movements
C. Neither of the above
D. Both of the above
C
True of fetal movements in utero:
A. Decreased movement causes a 20% decrease in oxygen consumption
B. Less than 30 movements per hour is an ominous sign
C. Fetal movement peaks when maternal glucose level is high.
D. None of the above
A
True of fetal respiration
A. Respiratory movements is unrelated to sleep state
B. Respiratory movements in utero increased venous oxygen saturation
C. Apnea decreases oxygen consumption
D. Decreased fetal respiration results in 20% decrease in oxygen consumption
C
Blood flow redistribution of the fetal circulation in hypoxia leads to:
A. Decreased blood flow to the ductus venosus
B. Decreased blood flow to the foramen ovale
C. Increased blood flow to the ductus arteriosus
D. None of the above
D
True of biophysical profile: A. Includes amniotic fluid volume as component B. A score of 7-10 is normal C. It is analogous to the Ballard Score D. All of the above
A
Included in the ABCs of respiration
a. establish open airway
b. initiate breathing
c. maintain circulation
d. AOTA
D
- Properly timed cord clamping can prevent the following:
a. anemia in term infants only
b. anemia in preterm infants only
c. postpartum hemorrhage of the mother
d. ventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants only
D
Effect of late initiation of breast feeding
a. increased infection risk
b. increased risk of death
c. higher risk of using formulas
d. AOTA
D
Component of essential newborn care
a. thorough drying
b. early cord clamping
c. bathing within 6 hours
d. none of the above
A
Capacitation
a. sperms navigate to OCC and oocyte
b. oocyte finishes meiosis 2
c. together sperms penetrate the oocyte barrier
d. removal of glycoprotein coat from the acrosome
e. prevents polyspermy
D
Chemotaxis
a. sperms navigate to OCC and oocyte
b. oocyte finishes meiosis 2
c. together sperms penetrate the oocyte barrier
d. removal of glycoprotein coat from the acrosome
e. prevents polyspermy
A
Sperm penetration
a. sperms navigate to OCC and oocyte
b. oocyte finishes meiosis 2
c. together sperms penetrate the oocyte barrier
d. removal of glycoprotein coat from the acrosome
e. prevents polyspermy
B
Cooperation
a. sperms navigate to OCC and oocyte
b. oocyte finishes meiosis 2
c. together sperms penetrate the oocyte barrier
d. removal of glycoprotein coat from the acrosome
e. prevents polyspermy
C
Zona reaction
a. sperms navigate to OCC and oocyte
b. oocyte finishes meiosis 2
c. together sperms penetrate the oocyte barrier
d. removal of glycoprotein coat from the acrosome
e. prevents polyspermy
E
