Histology of the Eye and Visual Pathways Flashcards
Infection of within which of the following structures is called a stye?
A. Tarsal (Meibomian) Gland
B. Sebaceous (Zeis) gland
C. Lacrimal Gland
D. Palpebral and Bulbar Conjunctiva
Sebaceous (Zeis) gland
Secretions from which of the folloing glands or structures slows the evaporation of tears?
A. Tarsal (Meibomian) Gland
B. Sebaceous (Zeis) gland
C. Lacrimal Gland
D. Palpebral and Bulbar Conjunctiva
Tarsal (Meibomian) Gland
What type of epithelium is associated with the bulbar conjunctiva?
Stratified Columnar Epithelium w/ goblet cells
Specify what structures you will find each of the chambers between.
Anterior Chamber
Posterior Chamber
Vitreous Chamber/Body
Anterior Chamber: Cornea and Iris
Posterior Chamber: Iris and Lens
Vitreous Body.Chamber: Lens and Retina
CAIP LVR (“cape lover”)
The Vitreous body is filled with vitreous humor, which provides what function for the eye?
Maintains shape of the eye
Which of the following is comprised of dense irregular connective tissue and functions to protect the eye, maintain the eye’s shape, and act as an attachment for extraoccular muscles?
A. Sclera
B. Choroid
C. Cornea
D. Iris
E. Ciliary Body
Sclera
Which of the following functions to refract light, and protect the anterior surface of the eye?
A. Sclera
B. Choroid
C. Cornea
D. Iris
E. Ciliary Body
Cornea
Which of the following is highly vascularized areolar connective tissue? What is it’s function for the eye?
A. Iris
B. Choroid
C. Cornea
D. Ciliary Body
Choroid
- supply nourishment to retina
- absorb extra light
Which of the following is covered with a secretory epithelium? What is the structures main function?
A. Iris
B. Choroid
C. Cornea
D. Ciliary Body
Ciliary Body
change the shape of the lens
What layer of the retina provides vitamin A for photoreceptor cells?
Pigmented Layer
What type of epithelium is the Corneal Epithelium comprised of?
What type of epithelium is the Corneal ENDOthelium comprised of?
Which of the two houses stem cells for the cornea in its limbus region?
Epithelium: nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
- houses corneal stem cells
Endothelium: Simple squamous epithelium
T/F: The Stroma of the cornea is avascular
True
What layer of the cornea faces the anterior chamber, or in other words is the most posterior layer?
Cornea Endothelium
The vascular coat consists of what 3 structures?
Choroid
Ciliary Body
Iris
Which of the following structures of the vascular coat is responsible for secreting aqueous humor, as well as forming and anchoring zonular fibers?
A. Choroid
B. Ciliary Muscle
C. Ciliary Processes
D. Iris
Ciliary Processes
Which of the following structures of the vascular coat is has an inner vascular layer and Bruch’s Membrane?
A. Choroid
B. Ciliary Muscle
C. Ciliary Processes
D. Iris
Choroid
Look at this
Nice
The lens is a transparent, avascular, biconcaved structure that is suspended by zonular fibers. It is comprised of the following three components.
Capsule
Subscapsular
Lens Fibers
LC= Lems Capsule (basal lamina)
LE: Subscapsular Epithelium
MLF: Mature LEns fibers
- lens fibers are filled with crystallins and lose all organelles
Rays from a distant object are focused on the retina when we ______ the lens, and we do this by _______ the ciliary muscle causing the zzonular ligaments to _______.
Rays from a distant object are focused on the retina when we flattened the lens, and we do this by relax the ciliary muscle causing the zonular ligaments to tighten.
Relaxed Ciliary muscles, cause tight zonular fibers, and flatten the lens
RTF
What layer of the retina contains photosensory cells?
Neural Retina Layer
What layer of the retina is responsible for isomerizing all-trans retinal to 11-cis retinal, and transporting bacl to photoreceptors?
Retinal Pigmented layer
What is considered the “blind spot” of the eye? Why is it considered the blind spot?
Optic disk is the blind spot
The optic disc is where the axons from the ganglion layer converge on the optic nerve and exit the eye, in this space there are no photoreceptors causing the “blind spot”
What layer of the retina contains processes of interconnecting ganglion, amacrine, bipolar, and horizontal cells?
Inner Plexiform Layer
What layer of the retina contains cell bodies of photoreceptor cells?
What layer of the retina contains cell bodies of non-photoreceptor cells?
Outer nuclear layer
Inner nuclear Layer
“no photos inside”
T/F: The Outer plexiform layer contains process of photoreceptors and non photorecprtors cells connecting them
True
GO TO PURPOSE GAMES
Appreciate this
I appreciate that
What are the visual pigments found in the rods?
What are the visual pigments found in the cones?
Rods: Rhodopsin
Cones: Iodopsin
“you put Ice cream in cones”
What is the name of the portion of the eye that has the highest concentration of cones?
What is absent at this structure?
Fovea Centralis
Absent: Vessels, cell bodies and axons of ganglionic cells, inner nuclear layer
Axons of ganglion cells and higher order cells that the ganglion cells synapse on, form the visual pathway and relay the information to the primary visual cortex (V1) via what structure?
Thalamus
The optic disc is _____ to the macula
A. Deep
B. Inferior
C. LAteral
D. Medial
Medial
Visual fields are subdivided into binocular and monocular zone.
What is the binocular and monocular zone?
Binocular zone: broad central region seen by both eyes
Monocular: Zone seen by the corresponding eye
The Retinal fields are the location on the retina that an object in the visual field is projected to. Explain how the retinal fields are divided
Temporal and nasal hemifields
Superior and Inferior Quadrants
Nasal half of each retina goes ______ in the optic tract, and the Temporal Half of each retina foes to the _________ optic tract.
Nasal half of each retina goes Contralateral in the optic tract, and the Temporal Half of each retina foes to the Ipsilateral optic tract.
CN IT
Axons in the nasal and temporal retina terminate onto what structure?
Lateral Geniculate Nucleus of the Thalamus
Damage to the Temporal lobe can damage what portion of the visual field? What loop is damaged?
Superior Portion
Meyer’s loop
Lesion 1 produces what type of deficit. Draw it out and name it
Monocular blindness
total loss of vision in the right eye
Lesion 2 produces what type of deficit. Draw it out and name it
Bitemporal Hemianopia
Lesion 3 produces what type of deficit. Draw it out and name it
Right Nasal Hemianopia
Lesion 4 produces what type of deficit. Draw it out and name it
Left homonymous hemianopia
Lesion 5 produces what type of deficit. Draw it out and name it
Left Inferior Quadrantanopia
Lesion 6 produces what type of deficit. Draw it out and name it
Left Superior Quadrantanopia
Lesion 7 produces what type of deficit. Draw it out and name it
Left Homonymous Hemianopia
Lesion 8 produces what type of deficit. Draw it out and name it
Left Homonymous Hemianopia with macular sparing
