Histology of esophageal disorders Flashcards
what percent of total epithelial thickness should the basal layer occupy?
less than 15%
endoscopic and histologic findings in reflux esophagitis
hyperemia, patches resembling leukoplakia; basal hyperplasia, extension of papillae to the surface, PMN and Eo infiltration
diagnosis of eosinophilic esophagitis. Etiology?
15 or more Eo in 2 or more high power fields or 25 in any HPF. Also microabcesses and dysphagia. Allergic in kids, unknown in adults
path findings in Barrett’s. Pathogenesis?
squamous replaced by metaplastic intestinal columnar with goblet cells. GER leads to ulcer, ulcer is re-epithelialized by stem cells in abnormal milieu and become gastric or intestinal type
complications of Barrett’s? classification?
adenocarcinoma. low grade dysplasia retains crypts and general structures, high grade dysplasia does not
name benign and malignant epithelial neoplasms
Benign: squamous papilloma. Malignant: sq. cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, small cell ca.
squamous cell carcinoma incidence by geography and sex
highest esophageal cancer throughout world, in US is adenocarcinoma. Men more common in lower third, women in upper third (with plummer-vinson)