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LECOM MS1 Histology > Histology: Cartilage (Exam 2) > Flashcards

Histology: Cartilage (Exam 2) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the blood supply to cartilage?

A

avascular

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2
Q

Where is cartilage found

A

areas of support (weight bearing) and movement

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3
Q

What cells within cartilage produce matrix

A

chondrocytes

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4
Q

What do chondrocytes look like under microscope

A

large rounded cells with light cytoplasm and small nucleus

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5
Q

What is the composition of cartilage matrix

A

firm

high in GAGs and hyaluronic acid

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6
Q

What are the 3 subtypes of cartilage

A

elastic
hyaline
fibrous

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7
Q

What type of fibers make up elastic cartilage

A

elastic fibers

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8
Q

What type of fibers make up hyaline cartilage

A

type II collagen fibers

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9
Q

What type of fibers make up fibrous cartilage

A

type I collagen fibers

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10
Q

What type of cartilage is articular cartilage

A

hyaline

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11
Q

What type of cartilages is seen in a synchondrosis

A

hyaline

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12
Q

What is the function of hyaline cartilage

A

reduces friction at surface of joints

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13
Q

What type of cartilage is used in endochondral ossification

A

hyaline cartilage

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14
Q

What occurs to the hyaline cartilage during endochondral ossification

A

it is layer replaced by bone

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15
Q

What is the remaining layer of cartilage in endochondral ossification

A

epiphyseal growth plate

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16
Q

What is the function of the epiphyseal growth plate

A

remains functional and grows bone

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17
Q

What is the appearance of hyaline cartilage

A

glassy, firm ECM with mostly type 2 collagen fibers

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18
Q

Is the collagen in hyaline cartilage detectable

A

no, because it is present in the form of fibrils

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19
Q

What supplies nutrients to hyaline cartilage

A

perichondrium

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20
Q

What is the perichondrium composed of

A

dense CT

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21
Q

Where is the perichondrium found

A

on the surface of cartilage

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22
Q

What is contained within the cavities of the cartilage matrix

A

lacunae for chondrocytes

23
Q

Where did chondroblasts originate from

A

mesenchymal cells

24
Q

Where are chondroblasts found

A

in growing cartilage

25
Q

What cells are responsible for the maintence of cartilage ECM

A

chondroblasts

26
Q

What do chondroblasts secrete

A

ECM

27
Q

What is stored within chondrocytes

A

lipid and glycogen

28
Q

What are isogenous groups

A

recently divided chondrocytes that sit in clusters within the lacunae

29
Q

What is the territorial matrix

A

basophilic “capsule” around the isogenous groups

30
Q

What makes the territorial matrix basophilic

A

high concentration of GAGs

31
Q

What is interterritorial matrix

A

matrix between groups of chondrocytes, lighter colored

32
Q

What makes the interterritorial matrix lighter in color

A

low concentration of GAGs

33
Q

What is the function of the perichondrium

A

collagenous membrane

34
Q

What does the perichondrium carry

A

vessels and nerves that are essential for the avascular cartilage

35
Q

Destruction of the perichondrium results in what

A

destruction of the underlying cartilage

36
Q

What are the two layers of perichondrium

A

outer fibrous layer and inner chondrogenic layer

37
Q

What is the outer fibrous layer of the perichondrium composed of

A

dense connective tissue

38
Q

What is the inner chondrogenic layer of the perichondrium composed of

A

mesenchymal cells

39
Q

What are the mesenchymal cells a source for

A

chondroblasts

40
Q

Where is the perichondrium absent

A

articulating surfaces where cartilage contacts bone

41
Q

Where is elastic cartilage found

A

external ear
epiglottis
cartilages of the larynx

42
Q

What stain is used to view elastic fibers

A

resorcin-fuchsin

orcein

43
Q

What cartilage does NOT calcify with age

A

elastic

44
Q

What cartilage is very susceptible to calcification with age

A

hyaline

45
Q

What is the morphology of fibrous cartilage

A

dense regular connective tissue and hyaline cartilage

46
Q

How do condrovytes appear in fibrous cartilage

A

chondrocytes are sitting in rows

47
Q

What are the rows of chondrocytes in fibrous cartilage called

A

isogenous groups

48
Q

Does fibrocartilage have a perichondrium

A

no

49
Q

What are the two types of cartilage growth

A

appositional growth

interstitial growth

50
Q

What is appositional growth

A

chondroblasts are formed by the inner layer of perichondrium

they produce matrix and then turn to chondrocytes

51
Q

What type of collagen composes the matrix that the chondroblasts secrete

A

type II

52
Q

What type of collagen is produced by the perichondrium

A

type 1

53
Q

What is interstitial growth

A

division of chondrocytes within the lacunae–isogenous groups

54
Q

How is cartilage repaired

A

avascular so it is dependent on perichondrium for repair

LECOM MS1 Histology (8 decks)

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