Histology

Question 1

What 2 hormones are produced in the kidney?

Answer 1

Renin and erythropoietin

Question 2

What is the basic functional unit of the kidney?

What can this be broken down into further?

Answer 2

Nephron

Corpuscle
Tubules

Question 3

What is the name for the tuft of capillaries at the end of the corpuscle?

Answer 3

Glomerulus

The end with the capillaries becomes the vascular pole and the opposite end the urinary pole

Question 4

What cell type surrounds the capillaries in the corpuscle to separate them from the glomerular filtrate?

Answer 4

Podocytes

Question 5

What is the role of the proximal convoluted tubule?

Answer 5

To reabsorb sodium and water from filtrate and back into blood
Absorb glucose and AAs

Question 6

Describe the appearance of the endothelial lining of the proximal convoluted tubule?

Answer 6

Brush border

maximum area for absorption

Question 7

Where in the kidney would you find the:

• corpuscule
• proximal convoluted tubule
• loop of Henle
• distal convoluted tubule
• collecting ducts

Answer 7

Corpuscle - cortex
Proximal convoluted tubule - cortex
Distal convoluted tubule - cortex

Loop of Henle - medulla
Collecting ducts - medulla and cortex

Question 8

What is the name of the looping blood vessels that supply the juxtamedullary tubules ?

Answer 8

Vasa recta

Question 9

What is the name of the epithelium that lines almost all of the conducting parts of the urinary tract (all apart from kidney basically)

It is 3-6 cell layers thick. What is the name of the cells that line the luminal surface?

Answer 9

Urothelium or transitional epi

Stratified
Umbrella cells because they are domed
(link to using an umberella in the olden days to keep urine off people)

Question 10

What is the function of the corpuscle?

Answer 10

To produce glomerular filtrate

Question 11

Does the medulla have a high or low salt environment?

Answer 11

High salt (water follows salt)