Anatomy - Upper Renal Tract Flashcards
Urine is produced by the kidneys. What structure is responsible for transporting urine to the bladder?
Ureter
What does the upper and lower urinary tract compose of?
Upper
- kidneys
- ureter
Lower
- bladder
- urethera
Along with the kidneys, what other organ and vessels are retroperitoneal?
PROXIMAL Ureter
Abdo aorta
IVC
What are the 3 layers of the abdo wall muscles that sit lateral to the kidneys in the transverse plane?
List from external to internal
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominus
What is the most anterior structure coming out of the hilum of the kindey?
Renal vein
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behind = renal artery
(inferior = ureter)
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What surrounds the kidneys?
Renal capsule (tough fibrous layer)
Fat surrounds the kidneys. What is the difference between the perinephric and paranephric fat?
Perinephric is directly anteriorly to the renal capsule (ER = REnal)
Paranephric sits infront of the renal fascia which is anterior to the perinephric fat
(A = fAsciA)
What kidney sits lower and why?
What levels do the kidneys sit at?
Right due to the liver
Right (L1-L3)
Left (T12-L2)
What ribs protect the posterior region of the kidneys?
11 and 12 - floating ribs
Are kidneys found in the hypochondriac or lumbar regions?
Lumbar (or flank) region
How does the ureter get its blood supply?
Covered in branches from lots of arteries in abdo
Where does lymph drain from kidneys and ureters?
Kidneys - lumbar nodes
Ureters - lumbar and iliac nodes
This part of the kidney contains striped renal pyramids.
What part of the kidney is it?
What gives the pyramids their striped appearance?
Renal Medulla
Regularly arranged nephrons
Describe the pathway of urine drainage from the kidneys
Nephrons collecting ducts -> minor calyx -> major calyx -> renal pelvis -> ureter
What is the first constriction site of the renal system?
Pelvicureteric junction
From renal pelvis -> ureter
(clinically significant for kidney stones)
