Histology Flashcards
what shape is a kidney
bean shaped
what is th kidney covered in?
thin but strong capsule of dense collagen fibres
what is important about the hilum
it its the site of entry of renal artery and exit of renal vein and ureter
what is the nephron composed of?
renal corpuscle, renal tubules
what makes up the renal corpuscle
glomerulus, bowman capsule
what is the histology of bowman capsule
simple squamous epithelium
how many layers separate the blood from the glomerular filtrate?
2- capillary endothelium and specialised epithelium
what is the special epithelium that lines the renal corpuscle called?
podocytes
what do mesangial cells do?
forms connective tissue core called mesangium which support and remove debris
what is the histology of proximal convoluted tubule
simple cuboidal cells
what kind of appearance do proximal convoluted tubules have?
hairy appearance
what is the lining of the Loop of Henle
simple squamous epithelium then becomes simple cuboidal cells
what are the blood vessels called that dip into medulla then climb back up to the cortex called?
vasa recta
what are the distal convoluted epithelium lined by?
simple cuboidal epithelium- distal collecting duct lack a brush border (few microvilli)
which is more squished, proximal or distal collecting tubule
distal
where do the medullary rays point to?
medulla
what is the histology of the collecting ducts
simple columnar epithelium
what 3 things make up the juxtaglomerular apparatus
macula densa, juxtaglomerular cells, extraglomerular mesangial cells (lacis)
what do juxtaglomerular cells do
secrete renin
what lines the majority of the urinary tract
transitional epithelium/ urothelium
what are the cells called that are on lumens surface of urinary tract
umbrella cells
what is the lining of the urethra in a female
transitional epithelium- stratified squamous
what is lining of urethra in males
transitional epithelium- stratified columnar- stratified squamous at penis tip
