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Movement Science > hip > Flashcards

hip Flashcards

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1
Q

Classify the hip joint

A

-diarthrodial
ball and socket
3 degrees of freedom

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2
Q

How does the acetabulum face

A

-faces laterally, slightly inferior and anterior
-anteversion: silt anterior tilt (too much will make it unstable)

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3
Q

what fraction of the acetabulum does the pelvic bones make up?

A

ilium: 2/5
ischium: 2/5
pubis 1/5

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4
Q

acetabulum articular cartailge

A

horseshoe shaped at the WB parts of the joint (superiorly to posteriorly)

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5
Q

center edge angle/angle of Wilberg

A

how much of the acetabulum is present to cover the femur
-35-40%
-men are closer to 40% and wormen are closer to 35%
-anything less than 35% puts you at more of a risk of dislocation

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6
Q

acetabuluar labrum

A

goes around the periferi to deepen the socket

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7
Q

What is the normal angulation of the femur head to the shaft

A

125
-140-150 at birth but decreases as the baby starts to WB

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8
Q

coxa valga

A

when the angulation of the femur head to the shaft is >125
-causes genu vara (knee varus)

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9
Q

coxa vara

A

when the angulation of the femur to the shaft is <125
-causes genu valgus

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10
Q

Femoral head angle of torsion

A

10-15 normal anteversion
-positioned forward (anterior to frontal plane)
-anything below 10 anteversion is considered retroversion of the femoral head

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11
Q

excessive anteversion

A

greater than 15
IR hip so head is firm in the acetabulum and stand with toes pointed in

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12
Q

retroversion

A

less than 10 anteversion
-ER the hip so head is firm in the acetabulum and stand with toes out

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13
Q

when is the hip joint congruent

A

when the hip is flexed 30, abd 30 and slightly ER

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14
Q

What are the hip joint ligaments

A

-capsule:
-iliofemor
-pbofemoral
-ischiofemoral

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15
Q

hip joint capsule

A

thick superiorly and acts as sleeve

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16
Q

iliofemoral ligament

A

AIIS to intertrochantic line
-shaped like an inverted Y
-taut in ER and Ext

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17
Q

pubofemoral

A

pubic ramus to intertrochanteric fossa
-taut in Ext. ER. and abuction

18
Q

ligamentum teres

A

fovea of the femur to the acetabulum
-protects the obturator artery
-as the acetabulum moves superiorly the ligament acts as a sling and tenses up to give inferior support
-as you move through ROM is distributes synovial fluid

19
Q

ischiofemoral

A

ischial tuberosity to the GT
-limits flexion, extension, IR, Add

20
Q

Closed pack position and open pack position of the hip joint

A

close pack: extension (all ligaments are taut)
open pack: flexion - joints are more congruent however

21
Q

arthrokinematics for the hip joint NWB

A

-flexion/extension: spinning
-abduction/adduction: upward roll and downward glide or downward roll and upward glide
ER/IR: posterior roll and anterior glide or anterior roll and posterior glide
WB roll and glide are in same direction

22
Q

Osteokinematics of the hip joint PROM

A

flexion: 0-80 (knee ext)/0-120 (knee flexed)
extension: 0-20 (knee ext)/0 (knee flexed)
abduction: 0-40
adduction: 0-25
ER: 0-45
IR: 0-35

23
Q

limits to flexion

A

-tight glute max and inferior joint capsule

24
Q

limits to extension

A

anterior structures
-pubiofemor ligament
ischiofemoral ligament
iliofemoral ligament

25
Q

limits to abduction

A

-adductors
-pubofemoral ligaments

26
Q

limits to adduction

A

abductors
-ischiofemoral
-lateral hip muscles like glute med

27
Q

limits to IR

A

ischiofemoral ligament
ER muscles

28
Q

limits to ER

A

iliofemroal
pubiofemoral

29
Q

What osteokinematics are required for gait (hip)

A

flexion: 0-30 needed for terminal swing
extension: 0-10 needed for terminal stance
IR: 0-5 when in stance and advancing other limb
ER: 0-5 when advancing the limb

30
Q

pelvic osteokinematics

A

anterior/posterior pelvic tilt (sagittal plane)
lateral pelvic tilt - add of hip
pelvic rotation - transverse plane

31
Q

gender differences in pelvis

A

females: have a more cylindrical shape
males: have a taller and more conical shape

32
Q

ground reactive force force line and management

A

heel to COM is the force line
-musculature help to manage it

33
Q

joint reactive force

A

-force across the surface of the joint
-from head of the femur to acetabulum
-tightness of muscles add compression and so does gravity

34
Q

hip flexors *= primary

A

*iliopsas
*rectus femoris
-sartorius
-TFL
-pectineus
-adductor longus
-adductor brevis, gracilus and gluteus min anterior fibers
(glute med can assist)

35
Q

hip extensors *=primary

A

*glute maximus
-biceps femoris
-semitendinosus
-semimebranosus
-adductor magnus
-posterior fibers of glute med

36
Q

Hip Abductors
-their contribution to gait

A

-pass superior to Anterior posterior axis
- Gluteus medius*
-gluteus minimus
-TFL
-piriformis
-sartorius
- control frontal plane hip drop during gait
- Ground reaction force causes an adduction force and an abduction internal moment to counter it

37
Q

Hip adductors
-their contribution to gait

A

-inferior to the anterior posterior axis
-gracilis*
-pectineus*
-adductor, longus, Magnus and brevis *
-biceps femoris
-gluteus maximus
-quadratus femoris
-gait: work eccentrically during weight acceptance on the leg that you are leaving and concentrically during weight acceptance during the leg that you are going to

38
Q

Hip ER
-contribution to gait

A

posterior to vertical axis
-gluteus Maximus*
-quadratus femoris
-GOGO
-piriformis
-gluteus medius (posterior fibers)
-gluteus minimus (posterior fibers)
-gait: initial contact to loading response – femur IR to absorb shock so ER decelerate the limb

39
Q

Hip IR muscles

A

anterior to vertical axis
-gluteus medius (anterior fibers)*
-gluteus minimus (anterior fibers)*
-TFL*
-pectineus
-adductor longus
-adductor brevis
-gait: advance pelvis during swing

40
Q

What groups are stronger

A

-Extensors
-flexors
-adductors
-abductors
-IR
-ER

41
Q

Adductor longus

A
  • during hip flexion its a hip extensor
    -during hip extension its a hip flexor
42
Q

Why do people with weak abductors/painful hip have a compensatory lateral trunk lean towards the weak side

A

it decreases the joint reaction force and therefore the force at the hip overall
-using a cane will also help with joint reaction forces in the contralateral hand

Movement Science (17 decks)

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