High Yield PTEeXAM Review Part 3, 4, 5 Flashcards
Regarding strain and strain rate, is it angle dependent or angle independent?
Angle independent
Regarding strain and strain rate, is it load dependent or angle independent?
Load independent
Regarding speckle tracking, is it angle dependent or angle independent?
angle independent
Regarding speckle tracking, is it load dependent or load independent?
Load independent
What is seen here?
Membranous VSD RV Inflow Outflow
Label Structure 1 and 2
TG 2 chamber Mitral Valve leaftlets
1 = Posterior Leaflet (Closest to the probe)
2 = Anterior or Septal
What is structure Z?
Right Pulmonary Artery
What is structure X?
Right Upper Pulmonary Vein
What type of ASD is this?
What syndrome is associated with this type of ASD?
Superior Sinus Venosus ASD
Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return
How do you tell the difference beteween a Sinus Venosus ASD vs. a Secundum ASD?
Proximity ot the Crista Terminalis (See image)
What is the valve in the coronary sinus that can make placing a retrograde catheter difficult?
Thebesian valve
What is seen here?
Ostium Primum ASD
What is a Eustachian valve?
The eustachian valve (also known as the “valve of the inferior vena cava”) is a ridge of variable thickness in the inferior right atrium. It is a remnant of a fetal structure that directed incoming oxygenated blood to the foramen ovale and away from the right atrium.
If you get MR from a Ostium Primum ASD, what is the etiology of the MR?
Cleft Anterior Mitral Valve Leaflet
*HIgh Yield per Tommy Burch*
What is the etiology of Ostium Primum ASD?
Defect in Endocardial Cushions
What is seen here?
Ostium Secundum ASD
Patient was born with Ostium Secundum ASD. What is seen in the ME LAX view here?
Stray ASD closure device
What % of Tetrology of Fallot Patients have right aortic arch?
25%
With the anterior/rightward shift of the Septum in TOF, what are the 4 consequences?
- VSD
- Overriding Aorta
- Pulmonary Obstruction
- Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
What walls are usually spared in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy?
Basal Inferolateral (formerly called the posterior wall)
Look at image
Which ultrasound principle most likely predicts the bioeffects of ultrasound?
Intensity
For a bubble study to evaluate for intraatrial connection, in how many beats would this have to be valid?
RA to LA in less than 5 beats with valsalva and agitated saline, bubbles must cross
What is the advantgae of a variaance color map over a velocity color map?
Ability to detect turbulence in addition to direction
When you are looking at a velocity color map, how do you draw the box?
BART
Blue = Away from transducer (bottom of box)
Red = Toward transducer (top fo the box)
Black line = No flow
When you draw a variance color map, what side of laminara flow and what side of turbulent flow?
Left = Laminar flow
Right = Turbulent flow
What is the difference in non-imaging prboes vs. imaging probes concerning:
Backing material?
Non-imaging* probles have *NO backing materail
Imaging probles have backing materail
What is the difference in non-imaging prboes vs. imaging probes concerning:
Pulse Length?
Non-imaging = Long Pulse
Imaging = Shorter Pulse
What is the difference in non-imaging prboes vs. imaging probes concerning:
Bandwidth?
Non-imaging probe = Narrow Bandwidth
Imaging Probe = Wider Bandwidth
What is the equation for Quality Factor (Q)?
Main Frequency / Bandwidth
What happens to the septal tricuspid leaflet in Ebstein Anomaly?
Apical Displacement of the septal tricuspid leaflet
What is diagnostic for Ebstein Anomaly for distance between the insertion of anterior mitral leaflet and septal tricuspid leaflet?
> 0.8 cm/m2
What happens to the IV septum with ebstein anomaly?
Diastolic flattening of the IV septum
What arrythmia is associated with ebstein anomaly?
SVT
What is seen in the hepatic venous blood cycle during atrial systole with severe pulmonary hypertension?
Reversal of Hepatic Venous Blood during atrial systole
What is seen in the hepatic venous blood cycle during ventricular systole with severe TR?
Reveral of Ventricular systole
