High yield neuro Flashcards
How is a tension headache described
Tight band pain
How is new daily persistent headache diagnosed
Diagnosis of exclusion
How is neuralgia pain described
Burning/stabbing pain
What is the commonest cause of trigeminal neuralgia
Vascular compression
What is 1st line cranial nerve neuralgia treatment
Carbamazepine
What is SUNCT/SUNA
Essentially opthalmic neuralgia
What is 1st line treatment for SUNCT/SUNA
Lamotrigine
What is the abortive treatment of cluster headaches
Triptans i.e. sumatriptan
Oxygen
What drugs are given to prevent cluster headaches
Verapamil
Lithium
Gabapentin
Melatonin
What is the criteria for migraines to be considered chronic
> = 15 headaches per month
=8 of which are migraines
For >3 months
What is the acute treatment of migraines
Aspirin/NSAIDs
Triptans
What is prophylactic treatment of migraines
Propanolol, candesartan
Anti-epileptics
Amitriptyline
What is hemicrania continua
Episodic strictly unilateral headache
How are hemicrania headaches treated
Indomethacin (complete response)
What is a partial seizure
Only affects 1 hemisphere or lobe
What is a simple partial seizure
Patient stays conscious
What is a complex partial seizure
Patient loses consciousness
What is a generalised seizure
Affects the whole brain
What is a tonic-clonic seizure
Body goes rigid, followed by convulsions
What is 1st line treatment for status epilepticus
Lorezepam
What is the treatment for epilepsy seizures
Lamotrigine
Who should sodium valproate not be given to
Women of childbearing age
Which lobe is affected in a focal seizure with loss of awareness
Temporal lobe
Which type of seizure is often purely nocturnal, alert and has facial/limb spreading jerking
Frontal lobe seizure
What are features of temporal lobe seizure
Deja Vu
Rising epigastric sensation
Hallucinations
Automatisms i.e. lip smacking, fidgeting..
Neglect of one side suggests a lesion to which area of the brain
Parietal lobe
In a lumbar puncture for suspected SAH what is the sign you look for
Xanthochromia
What do you do if you can’t administer anti-epileptics IV
Administer it buccaly
How is myaesthenia gravis treated
Pyridostigmine
How is lewy body dementia treated
Rivastigmine
What differentiates peroneal nerve palsy vs L5 radiculopathy
Peroneal nerve palsy: Can evert foot
L5 radiculopathy: Can’t evert foot
Which sign is often seen in new variant CJD
Pulvinar sign
