High Middle Ages Flashcards
Hugh Capet
A French duke who created the Capetian dynasty that would rule France until 1328
Louis “the sluggard”
Last Carolingian ruler- died in 987
Philip II
Ruler of Capetian dynasty after Hugh "Philip Augustus" took throne at the age of 15 Seized Normandy from John "softsword" Tripled size of his lands Created bailiffs Was supposed to go on third crusade, but got mad and left early
Bailiffs
Collected taxes and ran the royal courts
Louis IX
Aka “Louis the pious”
French ruler of the Capetian dynasty after Philip II
Sainted after his death
Created appeals courts
Appeals courts
Overturned or overruled rulings of the lower royal courts
Philip IV
French ruler of the Capetian dynasty after Louis IX
Called the first estates general
Estates general
Similar to parliament
1st: church leaders
2nd: nobility
3rd: commoners
Pope Boniface VIII
Issued a papel bull stating that kings must obey the pope
Was kidnapped by Philip IV
Was rescued but died soon after
Pope clement V
Philip IV got the College of cardinals choose him as next pope
Moved Rome to Avignon in France
Gregory XI
French pope who died causing the cardinals to have to choose an Italian pope
Pope urban VI
Italian pope chosen by college of cardinals after death of Gregory XI
Pope Martin V
German pope who was elected at the council of Constance ending the great schism
John wycliffe
Englishman who criticized the glamorous lifestyle lived by pope and clergy
Stated that the bible- not the pope was the authority on Christianity
Jan Hus
A bohemian scholar
Taught that the bible was a higher authority on Christianity than the pope
Was excommunicated and burned at the stake
Edward III
From England
Claimed the French throne and launched a war to obtain it (the Hundred Years’ War)
Joan of Arc
French peasant girl who claimed to see visions of god
Led the French forces to victory is some battle
Was kidnapped by English allies
Tried as a heretic and burned at the stake
Pope urban II
Called for European Christian lights to fight in the first crusade at council of clermont
Baldwin of boulogne
Led half of soldiers in first crusade to edessa
Godfrey of boullion
Led other half of army in first crusade
Died of lack of food and drink
Pope Eugene III
Called second crusade
Richard “the lionheart”
England king Son of Henry II and eleanor Brother of john softsword Led the third crusade Hero of third crusade- only one to reach Jerusalem
Frederick I (Barbarossa)
German king who led the 3rd crusade but drowned
Saladin
General of the Turks in the 3rd crusade
Pope innocent III
Called for 4th crusade to capture Jerusalem
King Edward “the confessor”
English king who died suddenly without an heir
Canute
Danish king who united the Anglo-Saxons and Vikings under one ruler
Harold
Anglo-Saxon who claimed throne after Edward died
Died at battle of Hastings
William
Duke of Normandy
Claimed throne of England after Edward died and killed Harold to become king of England
Henry II
Norman king of England
Married to Eleanor
Father of Richard and John
Edward I
Needed money to pay for a war to retain his last remaining French lands
Called for 2 burgesses from each town and 2 knights from each country as well as members of the clergy to meet and form a parliament to advise him
Led to formation of House of Commons (knights and burgesses) and House of Lords (priests and nobles)
Where did the Black Death come from?
Cards
Where in Europe did the plague first show up ?
Genoa
Which region of Europe had the greatest death rate?
Southern Italy
Gothic architecture
Tall spires Thinner walls Higher than Romanesque More open and airy Vaulted ceilings Flying buttresses More windows Stained glass windows
