Herpesvirdae

Question 1

Sub Family: Alpha

Answer 1

HSV-1 = HHV-1
HSV-2 = HHV-2
VZV = HHV-3

Question 2

Sub Family: Beta

Answer 2

HCMV = HHV-5
Roseolovirus = HHV-6
Roseolovirus = HHV-7

Question 3

Sub Family: Gamma

Answer 3

Lymphocryptovirus = HHV-4 = EBV
Rhadinovirus = HHV8 = KSHV

Question 4

Alpha subfamily growth cycle is ____ and remains latent in ______

Answer 4

Short

Neurons

Question 5

Beta subfamily growth cycle is ____ and remains latent in ______

Answer 5

Long

Glands, Kidney, Macrophages

Question 6

Gamma subfamily growth cycle is ____ and remains latent in ______

Answer 6

Variable

Lymphoid Tissue

Question 7

Structure of Herpesvirdae

Answer 7

Icosahedral capsid, surrounded by a TEGUMENT and wrapped in lipid rich envelope
Linear DNA is circularized in the infected cell

Question 8

Latency

Answer 8

reversibly nonproductive infection of a cell by replication-competent virus

Question 9

Acyclovir works by _____ and is used for _____

Answer 9

acting as an analog for guanosine (chain terminator). it starts as a prodrug that is cleaved by VIRAL thymidine kinase.

Use for HSV-1 and 2, NOT effective against CMV

Question 10

Ganciclovir works by _____ and is used for _____

Answer 10

Acting as a guanosine analog (chain terminator) NOTE: more susceptible to phosphorylation by host cell

CMV! (mostly in AIDS patients)

Question 11

Foscarnet Sodium works by _____ and is used for _____

Answer 11

Analog of phosphate that inhibits vial DNA polymerase by interacting with pyrophosphate binding sites NOTE penetrates CNS and eyes

Acyclovir-resistant HSV-1 and 2
Gancyclovir-resistant CMV

Question 12

Cidofovir works by _____ and is used for _____

Answer 12

Nucleotide analog NOTE: unlike acyclovir, the prodrug is phosphorylated by host cell TK

CMV especially in immunocompromised

Question 13

Acyclovir can be given ___ with the following side effects ______

Answer 13

PO, IV, topical

Generally well tolerated but can include renal insufficiency, nausea, burning at site of application NOTE: interacts with probenecid

Question 14

Ganciclovir can be given ___ with the following side effects ______

Answer 14

Parentarally

Common: bone marrow suppression
Occasional: CNS toxicity, Rash, GI tolerance, anemia
Rare: coma, hepatotoxicity

Question 15

Foscarnet Sodium can be given ___ with the following side effects ______

Answer 15

via IV

Common: Nephrotoxitiy, electrolyte imblanace
Occasional: parasthesias, penile ulcers, GI intolerance
Rare: CNS toxicity

Question 16

Cidofovir can be given ___ with the following side effects ______

Answer 16

via IV (w/ probenecid)

Nephrotoxicity

Question 17

VZV mode of transmission

Answer 17

Inhalation of respiratory secretions

Question 18

HSV-1 mode of transmission

Answer 18

Shed from active lesions and possible some during asymptomatic recurrence
Contracted through skin and mouth lesions
Or via respiratory secretions/saliva

Cases of encephalitis are contracted by infection of the olfactory nerve

Question 19

HSV-2 mode of transmission

Answer 19

Sexual Contact

Question 20

HHV-6 and 7 mode of transmission

Answer 20

Considered part of natural viral flora. Most children are infected by age 3 via parents kisses

Question 21

CMV mode of transmission

Answer 21

Close contact, but also less commonly through breast milk, blood transfusions and sexual contact

Question 22

EBV mode of transmission

Answer 22

Spread by saliva

Question 23

KSHV mode of transmission

Answer 23

Not clear!

Question 24

EBV causes what cancers

Answer 24

Burkitt's lymphoma
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
CNS Lymphomas
Leiomyosarcomas in AIDS patients
Hodgkin's disease

Question 25

KSHV causes what cancer

Answer 25

Kaposi’s Sarcoma