Herpesvirales Flashcards
What are the three families of Herpesvirales?
Herpesviridae, Alloherpesviridae, Malacoherpesviridae
Herpesviridae infects what types of animals?
Mammals, birds, and reptiles
Alloherpesviridae infects what types of animals?
Fish and amphibians
Malacoherpesviridae infects what types of animals?
Invertebrates, such as oysters and abalone
The Herpesviridae family is divided into which subfamilies?
Alphaherpesvirinae, Betaherpesvirinae, Gammaherpesvirinae
What is the primary latency site of Alphaherpesvirinae?
Sensory neurons
What is the primary latency site of Betaherpesvirinae?
Monocytes, macrophages, and kidneys
What is the primary latency site of Gammaherpesvirinae?
B and T lymphocytes
What is the structure of Herpesvirales virions?
Large, enveloped with an icosahedral capsid
What is the genome structure of Herpesvirales?
Linear double-stranded DNA (dsDNA)
Where does Herpesvirales replication occur?
In the nucleus
What are the intranuclear inclusion bodies associated with Herpesvirales?
Sites of viral replication and assembly
What is the common transmission route for alphaherpesviruses?
Direct contact
What family of Herpesvirales is associated with respiratory droplet transmission?
Herpesviridae
Which family of Herpesvirales is primarily transmitted vertically?
Alloherpesviridae
What characteristic feature defines Herpesvirales infections?
Latency and reactivation
What triggers reactivation of latent Herpesvirales infections?
Stress, immunosuppression, or concurrent infections
This subfamily of Herpesviridae has fast replication, causes acute lytic infection
Alphaherpesvirinae
This subfamily of Herpesviridae has slow replication
Betaherpesvirinae
These are Significant pathogens in aquaculture, causing mortality in juvenile oysters.
Malacoherpesviridae
This is the hallmark feature of Herpesvirales
Latency
What disease is caused by Gammaherpesvirinae in atypical hosts?
Malignant catarrhal fever
What stage of replication involves viral DNA replication in Herpesvirales?
Early (β) gene expression
What stage of replication involves the production of structural proteins in Herpesvirales?
Late (γ) gene expression
During which stage of replication does immune evasion primarily occur in Herpesvirales?
Immediate Early (α) gene expression
How are new Herpesvirales virions released from the host cell?
By budding from the nuclear membrane
Herpesvirales acquire its envelope from the?
Host’s Nuclear Membrane
Bovine herpesvirus 1 causes what diseases?
- Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis
- Infectious Pustular Vulvovaginitis
- Balanophosthitis
Bovine herpesvirus 2 causes what disease?
- Ulcerative mammillitis
- Pseudo-lumpy skin diseases
Suid Herpesvirus 1 causes what disease?
Pseudorabies/Aujeszky’s Disease
Equid Herpesvirus 1 causes what disease?
- Equine Abortion
- Equine Herpesvirus Myeloencephalopathy (EHM)
Equid Herpesvirus 3 causes what disease?
Equine Coital Exanthema (ECE)
Equid Herpesvirus 4 causes what disease?
Equine Rhinopneumonitis (ERP)
Felid Herpesvirus 1 causes what disease?
Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis
Gallid herpesvirus 1 causes what disease?
Infectious Laryngotracheitis (ILT)
Gallid herpesvirus 2 causes what disease?
Marek’s Disease
The herpesvirales virion is made up of?
Virion is made up of core, capsid, tegument
