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PEBC > Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) > Flashcards

Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Flashcards

1
Q

HSV causes these two kinds of herpes:
1
2

A

1 Cold Sores
2 Genital herpes

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2
Q

HSV-1 primarily causes:

A

Cold sores and Genital herpes

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3
Q

HSV-2 primarily causes:

A

Genital herpes

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4
Q

HSV is transferred by direct contact with _________ or mucosal surface

A

broken skin

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5
Q

True or False: HSV infections spread to sexual partners unknowingly

A

True, its called asymptomatic viral shedding

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6
Q

3 Stages of HSV
1
2
3

A

Primary Infection: FIRST EPISODE, with no antibodies for HSV present. Longer duration and more severe signs and symptoms

Non-primary infection: First episode in a patient who has antibodies for one type of HSV and acquires the other type. Less severe, shorter duration

Recurrent episode: Latent HSV reactivated, typically less severe than the other two. Prodrome symptoms: tingling, itching, pain prior to symptoms

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7
Q

Prodromal symptoms associated with a recurrent HSV episode include the following:
_____, ______, pain

A

tingling, itching

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8
Q

Risk factors for HSV include:
1. physical contact with someone shedding the virus
2.
3.

A
  1. # of sexual partner
  2. Female
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9
Q

This type of Herpes can cause neurological effects

A

Herpes Encephalitis

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10
Q

It takes __ to___ weeks for cold sores (herpes labialis) to fully resolve

A

1-2 weeks

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11
Q

True or False: There is no cure to treatment to eradicate herpes virus

A

True

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12
Q

A recurrent cold sore infection lasts about ___ to ___ days

A

8-10 days

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13
Q

List some non-drug options to help treat cold sores
1
2
3

A

1 clean area with mild soap and water
2 cool compress
3 sunscreen

Topical protectants to prevent from drying and cracking, avoid touching area, frequently wash hands

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14
Q

List some non prescription options to help treat cold sores:

Duration modifying
1.

Pain releif/protectants
1. Acetaminophen/nsaid
2. Benzocaine, Lidocaine/Prilocaine
can cause sensitization = pain worse after stopping
3. camphor menthol (feel good)
4. pramoxine (dec pain and less sensitization)
5. zinc sulfate/heparin sodium (helps with dryness)

A
  1. Abreva, docosanol
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15
Q

Patients that require referral for cold sore include the following:
1.
2 recurrent, persistent cold sores >/= ___ per year
3.
4. 5. secondary bacterial infection

A
  1. immunocompromised
  2. systemic symptoms
  3. lasts longer than 2 weeks
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16
Q

Systemic antivirals for the treatment of cold sores are most beneficial if started <___ hrs after symptom onset

A

24 hr

17
Q

The three systemic antivirals for the treatment of recurrent cold sores are:
1
2
3

A

Acyclovir 400 mg 5x/day x 5-10d

Famiciclovir 750 mg BID or 1500 mg once

Valacyclovir 2g BID x 1 day

18
Q

If oral treatment is refused, this topical antiviral can be used for five times per day for 4 days

A

Acyclovir 5% cream/ointment

19
Q

True or False: Genital herpes increases the risk of contracting HIV

A

True

20
Q

True or False: The rate of recurrence in genital herpes decreases with increasing age

A

True

21
Q

Genital herpes of primary infection lesions heal in __ - __ weeks, with viral shedding lasting about 12 days

A

2-4 weeks

22
Q

Signs of primary infection genital herpes includes:
1
2
3
4 lymphadenopathy (swollen glands)
5 fever, myalgia, malaise

A

1 painful lesions
2 local itching, tingling, pain
3 dysuria

23
Q

True or false: Recurrent genital herpes infections are generally milder and have a LONGER duration than primary

A

FALSE, shorter duration

24
Q

If the patient has > __ recurrences of genital herpes per year, then suppressive therapy should be considered

A

6

25
Q

Lesions of recurrent genital herpes usually heal in __ to __ days

A

7-10

26
Q

True or False: all patients with genital herpes should be treated with an antiviral

A

True

27
Q

For patients with recurrent genital herpes:
Acyclovir should start within __ hrs of symptoms

Famiciclovir should start within __ hrs of symptoms

Valacyclovir should start within __ hrs of symptoms

A

12

6

12

28
Q

Genital herpes in HIV infected/immunosuppressed patients should be treated for a longer course, consider IV ________

A

Acyclovir

29
Q

HSV can be transferred to the neonate, suppressive antiviral management is recommended at ____ weeks

A

36

Acyclovir or Valacyclovir can be used

30
Q

HSV encephalitis should be treated with IV ______

A

Acyclovir ONLY

PEBC (35 decks)

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