Hernia Flashcards
what is a hernia?
abnormal protrusion of a cavity’s contents through a weakness in the wall of the cavity
types of hernias
reducible
incarcerated
strangulated
presentation
sudden onset pain
presence of a lump
vomiting
diagnosis
indirect lump will not reappear
assess size of neck to assess for strangulation/ reducible
management
surgical correction
what is a Maydl’s hernia?
two different loops of bowel are contained within the hernia
what is a Spigelian hernia?
between rectus abdominus and linea semilunaris (spigelian fascia)
what is diastasis recti?
widening of the linea alba
management of hernias in children?
leave alone until 3-4
unless inguinal needs immediate surgery
most common hernia in kids?
umbilical
adults more likely to get paraumbilical
most common hernia in females?
femoral
most common hernia in males?
inguinal
which hernia can be direct or indirect?
inguinal hernia
four types of hiatus hernias
- sliding
- rolling
- combination
- large with additional abdominal organs
what is a sliding hiatus hernia?
gastro-oesphageal junction slides up into the chest
what is a rolling hiatus hernia?
bulge of the stomach herniates up
why do femoral hernias always require surgical repair?
prone to obstruction and strangulation against sharp lacunar ligament
do femoral hernias need surgical repair?
yes
which nerve does the inguinal canal contain?
ilioinguinal
where is the internal/ deep ring?
midpoint of the inguinal canal (ASIS and pubic tubercle), lateral to inferior epigastric vessels
where is the external ring (superficial)
two crura of the external oblique above and medial to the pubic tubercle
where do indirect hernias enter?
via the internal/ deep ring
where do direct hernias eneter
defect in the wall medial to the deep/ internal ring
