Henry VIII early govt

Question 1

What was Wolsey called?

Answer 1

Alter rex (other king)

Question 2

How did Wolsey go against his catholic role?

Answer 2

Had children and Hampton Court, supposed to take vow of celibacy and poverty.

Question 3

When did Wolsey first get close to Henry?

Answer 3

1512 - organised military campaign to France.

Question 4

When and where was Wolsey made bishop of?

Answer 4

1513 - Tournai, 1514 - Lincoln.

Question 5

What is the issue with being bishop of multiple places?

Answer 5

Pluralism, you can’t address the issues of the people living by your church.

Question 6

What happened with Wolsey in 1515?

Answer 6

He was made Cardinal and Lord Chancellor.

Question 7

What and when did Wolsey gain his biggest position in the church?

Answer 7

1518 - Papal legate, pope’s representative for England.

Question 8

Who did Wolsey investigate and when?

Answer 8

Duke of Buckingham in 1520 after rumours he’d questioned the King. Was executed in 1521.

Question 9

What and when were the Eltham Ordinances?

Answer 9

1526 - undermined potential political opponents, reorganised finances of privy chamber to make king’s household more efficient, reduced influence of others at court.

Question 10

What happened with the amicable grant?

Answer 10

In 1523, asked parliament for £800K for an army. Raised £300K by 1525. Amicable grant taxed the laity at 1/6 of their goods and property, clergy 1/3. Henry cancelled it.

Question 11

What finance measure did Wolsey bring in in 1512?

Answer 11

Tudor subsidy, a new flexible tax system based on income and not property.

Question 12

What did Wolsey encourage Henry to do? When? (religion)

Answer 12

Encouraged Henry to write the ‘Defence of Seven Sacraments’ in 1521, which gave Henry the title of Defender of the Faith from the pope.

Question 13

What was Wolsey’s downfall?

Answer 13

Accused of Praemunire in Oct 1529 because he couldn’t solve the Great Matter. Died in Nov 1530 on his journey to court in London for treason.

Question 14

What court system did Wolsey make?

Answer 14

Court of Requests, aka poor man’s court.

Question 15

Who did Henry immediately arrest?

Answer 15

Empson and Dudley and abolished council learned in law

Question 16

Praemunire

Answer 16

working in the interest of the pope rather than the king

Question 17

Catherine of Aragon

Answer 17

married 7 weeks after becoming King

Question 18

Use of Privy Chamber

Answer 18

used like his father, elevated socially 1546- 20 staff instead of 6. Chose his friends rather than those best for job

Question 19

initial govt, why did they frustrate him?

Answer 19

conciliary govt frustrated because older councillors stopped him waging war with France

Question 20

Number of Parliamentary sessions

Answer 20

27 over reign, in London for 19, present for 6

Question 21

Use of Parliament

Answer 21

just for subsidies at this stage

Question 22

aims

Answer 22

establish status amongst European Monarchs, re-establish role of nobility, establish himself as warrior king

Question 23

Wolsey’s position in judiciary

Answer 23

directly responsible for legal work of Kings council and chief of law courts

Question 24

How did Wolsey change the judiciary system?

Answer 24

encouraged commoners to bring their complaints to the Court of Chancery and increased capacity of these courts. ensured rich had no advantage

Question 25

Hunnes case

Answer 25

1514, Richard Hunne found dead in Bishop of Londons prison, he was tortured and accidentally killed but framed as suicide. Word spread and Wolsey had to apologise to parliament on his knees

Question 26

Inspections of monasteries

Answer 26

20 closed 1528 because less than 6 monks lived there. Papal permission given but Wolsey had to use money to educate priests and monks