Henry VIII early govt Flashcards
What was Wolsey called?
Alter rex (other king)
How did Wolsey go against his catholic role?
Had children and Hampton Court, supposed to take vow of celibacy and poverty.
When did Wolsey first get close to Henry?
1512 - organised military campaign to France.
When and where was Wolsey made bishop of?
1513 - Tournai, 1514 - Lincoln.
What is the issue with being bishop of multiple places?
Pluralism, you can’t address the issues of the people living by your church.
What happened with Wolsey in 1515?
He was made Cardinal and Lord Chancellor.
What and when did Wolsey gain his biggest position in the church?
1518 - Papal legate, pope’s representative for England.
Who did Wolsey investigate and when?
Duke of Buckingham in 1520 after rumours he’d questioned the King. Was executed in 1521.
What and when were the Eltham Ordinances?
1526 - undermined potential political opponents, reorganised finances of privy chamber to make king’s household more efficient, reduced influence of others at court.
What happened with the amicable grant?
In 1523, asked parliament for £800K for an army. Raised £300K by 1525. Amicable grant taxed the laity at 1/6 of their goods and property, clergy 1/3. Henry cancelled it.
What finance measure did Wolsey bring in in 1512?
Tudor subsidy, a new flexible tax system based on income and not property.
What did Wolsey encourage Henry to do? When? (religion)
Encouraged Henry to write the ‘Defence of Seven Sacraments’ in 1521, which gave Henry the title of Defender of the Faith from the pope.
What was Wolsey’s downfall?
Accused of Praemunire in Oct 1529 because he couldn’t solve the Great Matter. Died in Nov 1530 on his journey to court in London for treason.
What court system did Wolsey make?
Court of Requests, aka poor man’s court.
Who did Henry immediately arrest?
Empson and Dudley and abolished council learned in law
Praemunire
working in the interest of the pope rather than the king
Catherine of Aragon
married 7 weeks after becoming King
Use of Privy Chamber
used like his father, elevated socially 1546- 20 staff instead of 6. Chose his friends rather than those best for job
initial govt, why did they frustrate him?
conciliary govt frustrated because older councillors stopped him waging war with France
Number of Parliamentary sessions
27 over reign, in London for 19, present for 6
Use of Parliament
just for subsidies at this stage
aims
establish status amongst European Monarchs, re-establish role of nobility, establish himself as warrior king
Wolsey’s position in judiciary
directly responsible for legal work of Kings council and chief of law courts
How did Wolsey change the judiciary system?
encouraged commoners to bring their complaints to the Court of Chancery and increased capacity of these courts. ensured rich had no advantage
Hunnes case
1514, Richard Hunne found dead in Bishop of Londons prison, he was tortured and accidentally killed but framed as suicide. Word spread and Wolsey had to apologise to parliament on his knees
Inspections of monasteries
20 closed 1528 because less than 6 monks lived there. Papal permission given but Wolsey had to use money to educate priests and monks
