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Exam 2 > Hemostasis > Flashcards

Hemostasis Flashcards

1
Q

What is hemostasis?

A

The body’s natural process of stopping bleeding from a damaged blood vessel

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2
Q

What are the 3 steps for hemostasis?

A
  1. Vascular spasm
  2. Plug formation
  3. Coagulation
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3
Q

What does vascular spasm mean?

A

Blood vessel tightens = less blood travels

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4
Q

What is plug formation?

A

The process of forming a temporary plug to seal a damaged blood vessel and stop bleeding

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5
Q

What does vasoconstriction mean?

A

The narrowing (constriction) of blood vessels by small muscles in their walls

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6
Q

What helps plug formation?

A

Platelets

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7
Q

What do platelets do that help plugging?

A

Release chemicals that make nearby platelets sticky

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8
Q

What does Von Willebrand factor do?

A

Helps platelets stick together to form clots and stop bleeding

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9
Q

What does serotonin do?

A

Enhance vascular spasm

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10
Q

What does ADP do?

A

Causes more platelets to stick together

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11
Q

What does thromboxane A2 do?

A

Does both (increase vascular spasm and aggregation)

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12
Q

What does prostaglandin do?

A

“Don’t come here” ???

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13
Q

What is the purpose of a vascular spasm?

A

Buys time so the clot has time to seal

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14
Q

Which is slower, intrinsic or extrinsic?

A

Intrinsic (mins)

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15
Q

How many clotting factors are there?

A

13

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16
Q

What is coagulation?

A

Creates a “mesh” that forms a clot

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17
Q

What is this intrinsic pathway?

A

The factors needed for clotting are present in the blood

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18
Q

What is extrinsic pathway?

A

The factors needed for clotting are present outside of the blood

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19
Q

Both intrinsic and extrinsic lead to which factor?

A

X and thrombin

20
Q

Factor X produces what 2 factor names?

A

Thromin and eventually fibrin

21
Q

What is the inactive factor of fibrin called?

A

Fibrogen

21
Q

What do you have to do to activate a factor?

A

Cleave/break off part of the molecule

22
Q

What is the inactive factor of thrombin called?

A

Prothrombin

23
Q

The order of the factors are the order they were ___________

A

discovered

23
Q

What factor of X comes first?

A

Prothrombin (thrombin)

24
Q

A lot of factors are made in the:

A

liver

25
Q

What does fibrin do?

A

Form webs that trap everything (blood)

26
Q

What does factor XIII do?

A

Strengthens and tightens the web

27
Q

Clot retraction has ____ and _____ to contract the clot

A

actin and myosin

28
Q

As the platelets contract, it squeezes out:

A

serum

29
Q

What is PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor)?

A

Released by platelets

Helps rebuild the vessel wall (helps healing)

30
Q

What does fibrinolysis do?

A

Removes unneeded clots when healing has occured

31
Q

What does plasmin do?

A

Produces plasmin

The bomb in the middle of the clot

32
Q

What does plasminogen do?

A

Produces plasmin (from inactive to activated)

33
Q

What does tissue plasminogen activator do?

A

Produces plasminogen

34
Q

_____ vessels inhibit clots

A

Large

35
Q

What does antithrombin III do?

A

Inactivates thrombin not bound to fibrin

36
Q

What does heparin do?

A

Increases the activity of antithrombin III

37
Q

What is thromboembolytic disorder?

A

Condition that causes undesirable clot formation

38
Q

What is disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?

A

Widespread clotting and severe bleeding

38
Q

What is thrombocytopenia?

A

Not enough platelets

39
Q

What is hemophilia?

A

Hereditary bleeding disorders

39
Q

Hemophilia A is missing factor:

A

VIII

40
Q

What are the 3 hemophiliacs?

A

A, B and C

41
Q

Hemophilia B is missing factor:

A

IX

42
Q

Hemophilia C is missing factor:

A

XI

Exam 2 (11 decks)

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